The Respiratory System Diandra Davis and Darcey Witt

Functions Breathing! Supply oxygen to the blood so this in turn delivers oxygen to all parts of the body During the process of breathing we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases takes place at the alveoli. Oxygen inhaled passes into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries into the arterial blood. The waste-rich blood from the veins releases its carbon dioxide into the alveoli. The carbon dioxide follows the same path out of the lungs when you exhale. Here’s an easy way to remember the functions of the Respiratory system: Ventilate the lungs Extract oxygen from the air and transfer it to the bloodstream Excrete carbon dioxide and water vapor Maintain the acid base of the blood 2

Organs Upper Respiratory  Nasal Cavity  Throat (pharynx)  Voice box (larynx)  Windpipe (trachea) Lower Respiratory  Bronchi  Lungs  Diaphragm  Alveoli

The Path Of Air Breathe in through mouth or nose, Goes through trachea Larynx Into lungs and bronchi tubes out into the alveoli's where oxygen is put into blood. Carbon Dioxide is then exhaled as waste and back out into air.

Nasal Cavity used to breathe, and keep mucus moist The nasal cavity is made up of superior turbinate, superior meatus, middle turbinate, middle meatus, inferior turbinate, inferior and superior meatus, and paranasal cavity. It is a complex structure lined with erectile soft nasal tissues.

Throat( pharynx)  funnel shaped tube acting as a passage way for air which leads down to the esophagus.  The glottis is protected by a lid of fibro cartilage (the epiglottis), which closes over the glottis when you swallow  The Trachea is a bony structure that connects the nose and mouth to the lungs

Voice box (larynx ) lined with mucous membrane two folds of membrane divide the larynx in two, between them is the Glottis(the narrowest part of the air passage.) Contains 2 vocal cords that vibrate when air passes by them. Our tongue and lips help convert these vibrations into speech. The top of the trachea, which contains the larynx, is called the glottis

Bronchi The structure in the lungs that looks almost like branches. A single tube is known as Bronchus. Allows air to pass through it, from here it passes through the further divisions of the bronchi, known as bronchioles

Alveoli Gas exchange takes place in these hollow sac like structures. Oxygen diffuses through the walls of the alveoli into the red blood cells. Carbon dioxide returns to the lung from the blood. It diffuses across the capillary into the alveolar walls into the lungs to be exhaled.

Lungs Spongy structures where the exchange of gases takes place lungs are surrounded by a pair of pleural membranes. Between the membranes is pleural fluid, which reduces friction while breathing. The lungs give up their oxygen to the capillaries through the alveoli and carbon dioxide is taken from the capillaries and into the alveoli.

External, Internal, and Cellular Respiration External-the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an animal and its environment Internal- the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and cells in different tissues of the body. Cellular- process of oxidizing food molecules, like glucose, to carbon dioxide and water

Diaphragm Air is normally taken in through the mouth and nose. The nose is lined with a membrane (mucosa) that contain tiny hair-like things called cilia. 1 Helps pump the carbon dioxide out of the lungs and pull the oxygen into the lungs. It’s a sheet of muscles that lies across the bottom of the chest cavity. When contracting and relaxing, breathing takes place. Oxygen is pulled into the lungs when it contracts Carbon dioxide is pumped out of the lungs when it relaxes 3

Mechanism of Breathing and Gas Exchange Breathing is always controlled by the brain’s detection of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Works Cited 1. atomy/index.htmhttp:// atomy/index.htm 2. /respsystem.htmlhttp:// /respsystem.html 3. ration.htmlhttp:// ration.html 4. respiratory-system-and-their-functions/