UNIT 3: CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY Ethnicity and Nationality Session 11

LEARNING TARGETS Compare Ethnicity and Race Explain the ethnic make-up in the United States Define nationality and nation- state Define self-determination Define multi-nation states and multi-state nations SESSION 11 Ethnicity and Nationality

Ethnicity: group of people w/ a common identity based on a distinct but shared culture (i.e. common homeland, language, religion, or race). Comes from Greek word “ethnos” which refers to a unique and cohesive group…i.e. us v. them Ethnicity and race not necessarily same thing Race = genetic traits, biologically inherited physical characteristics Ethnicity involves more than biological characteristics. May include that, but goes well beyond to include person’s social and cultural identity…. People of same race can form many different ethnicities Ethnic groups can be difficult to identify….usually self-identified and may also be defined as a nationality (this does not necessarily constitute a member of a particular country) You may call someone Chinese because they are from China, but they may not consider themselves that. Defining Ethnicity and Race Session 11

Comparing race, ethnicity and nationality can also be confusing… Hispanic/Latino is an ethnic group in the U.S., but not a race and not a nationality For example, the three largest ethnic groups are Asian- American, African-American and Hispanic African-American: Ethnicity Black/African: Race because not all people of that race are from Africa (could be from the Caribbean, South America, etc.) American: Nationality Outside of the U.S. an example…Nigeria (250 Ethnic Groups) Yoruba: Ethnicity Black/African: Race Nationality: Nigerian Defining Ethnicity and Race Session 11

In United States: 14% Hispanic 11% African American 4% Asian American 1% American Indian (white/Caucasian not an ethnicity)….why not? Ethnicity on a National Level Session 11

Why are ethnic groups distributed the way they are in the U.S.? Ethnicity on a National Level Session 11

Ethnicity on a National Level Session 11

Ethnicity on a National Level Session 11

Ethnicity on a Continental Level Session 11

Check for Understanding: Student Discussion What makes ethnicity and race different? Why can ethnicity be hard to define? What examples can you provide? What is the ethnic make-up of the United States? What are some of the largest ethnic groups?

Nationality: a group of people who share a legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country is distinct from race and ethnicity, but often overlaps i.e. we’re all American but diff races and ethnicities Nation-state: geo-political ideal - a state who’s territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality (i.e. Czech Republic, Japan) Self-determination: idea that ethnicity has right to govern themselves…has led to creation of new nation states and violence (i.e. Yugoslavia) Nationalities and Nation-States Session 11

Multi-Nation States: a country that contains 2 or more ethnic groups w/ traditions of self-determination that agree to co-exist and share power peacefully The United Kingdom has 4 nationalities (England, Scotland, Wales, N Ireland) Russia is the largest multi-nation state with 39 separate ethnic groups United States Canada has French and English speaking provinces Multi–State Nations: When a cohesive ethnic group is scattered among different countries…may have a state of their own as well Kurds Jews Hungarians Basques Multi-Nation States & Multi-State Nations Session 11

NEXT CLASS SESSION 12 Ethnic Segregation and Conflict