Chapter 19.1 “The War to End all Wars”. THE GREAT WAR.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 19.1 “The War to End all Wars”

THE GREAT WAR

LONG-TERM CAUSES OF WWI Militarism Alliance System Imperialism Nationalism

MILITARISM Need to develop stronger armies than potential enemies Increased military budgets/development of armed forces Germany built up army with draft system Britain relied on strong navy Germany, France, Italy, & Japan joined naval arms race

MILITARY BUILDUP Mobilization: time to activate armies for battle, 48 hrs to 5 days depending on country

ALLIANCE SYSTEM Triple Alliance (1882) Austria Hungary, Germany, and Italy Triple Entente (1907) Britain, France, and Russia

TRIPLE ALLIANCE

TRIPLE ENTENTE

ALLIANCES Allied Powers Great Britain, France Belgium, Serbia Montenegro Russia Japan (1914) U.S. (1917) Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire (1914) Bulgaria (1915)

IMPERIALISM Stronger nations controlling weaker lands through military, economic or political means Countries sought natural resources and new markets Colonies brought prestige to countries

NATIONALISM Belief that national interests should be placed ahead of global cooperation Franco-Prussian War (1871): France lost Alsace & Lorraine to Prussia (Germany) Russia claimed to be the protector of Europe’s Slavs (Serbia) Serbia controlled by Austria-Hungary

IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF THE WAR Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, killed by Serbian nationalist (Gavrilo Princip) Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary Germany declared war on Russia and France Great Britain declared war on Germany and Austria-Hungary

ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE ew/Assassin-of-Archduke-Franz-Ferdinand- Gavrilo-Princip ew/Assassin-of-Archduke-Franz-Ferdinand- Gavrilo-Princip c c

ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND Assassinated on June 28, 1914

FIGHTING BEGINS Germany invaded Belgium on Aug. 4, 1914 on the way to Paris Ended nearly 100 years of relative peace in Europe

EUROPE Militarism Nationalism Alliances Imperialism Secret Treaties Geography Economic Rivalry/ Trade Barriers Power Politics Lack of International Organization Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand EXPLOSIVE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I