In Da Club - Membranes & Transport: Crash Course Biology #5 (11:14)

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Presentation transcript:

In Da Club - Membranes & Transport: Crash Course Biology #5 (11:14)

The Cell Membrane Aka Plasma Membrane Controls what enters and leaves the cell Phospholipid Bilayer

Passive and Active Transport No energy required Material moves against the concentration gradient Material is too large to pass through plasma membrane Energy required Material moves down the concentration gradient

Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration Diffusion

Osmosis – Diffusion of water across the cell membrane Isotonic – Equilibrium reached Hypertonic – Less water, more solute Hypotonic – More water, less solute S S S S S S S S S W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W Osmosis

Figure Hypotonic solution Hypertonic solution Sugar molecule Selectively permeable membrane Osmosis Isotonic solutions Osmosis

Figure 5.14 Animal cell Plant cell Normal Flaccid (wilts) Lysing Turgid (normal) Shriveled Plasma membrane H2OH2O H2OH2O H2OH2OH2OH2O H2OH2O H2OH2O H2OH2O H2OH2O (a) Isotonic solution (b) Hypotonic solution (c) Hypertonic solution

Diffusion through carrier proteins Specialized doors/windows through the plasma membrane Primarily for molecules like sugar too large to pass through the plasma membrane Only allow specific material through Facilitated Diffusion

Pumps material across the plasma membrane Moves material “up” the concentration gradient Moves material through specific carrier proteins Requires energy to “pump” Molecular Pump Lower solute concentration Higher solute concentration ATP Solute

Exocytosis discharges material from the cell via transport vesicles Endocytosis accepts material into the cell via transport vesicles Endo- & Exo- cytosis Movement of very large molecules

Figure 5.UN03 Passive Transport (requires no energy) Active Transport (requires energy) DiffusionFacilitated diffusionOsmosis Higher solute concentration Lower solute concentration Higher water concentration (lower solute concentration) Lower water concentration (higher solute concentration) Solute Higher solute concentration Lower solute concentration ATP Solute Water Solute MEMBRANE TRANSPORT