 Humans have used drugs of one sort or another for thousands of years -wine was used at least from the time of the early Egyptians -narcotics from 4000 BC -medicinal use of marijuana has been dated to 2737BC in China

 Drugs that act on the central nervous system and increase brain activity.  Some give feelings of alertness, greater energy and confidence.  They may also reduce appetite

 Cocaine Cocaine  Crack Crack  Ecstasy Ecstasy  Alkyl Nitrites e.g. poppers Alkyl Nitrites  Amphetamines Amphetamines  Nicotine Nicotine

 Drugs that act on the central nervous system and slow down brain activity.  Impaired co-ordination, balance and judgement are common.  Higher doses can lead progressively to drowsiness, vomiting, coma and even death.

 Volatile substances or sniffable substances (eg glues, gases, aerosols) Volatile substances or sniffable substances (eg glues, gases, aerosols)  Alcohol Alcohol  Tranquilizers Tranquilizers  GHB (Gamma hydroxy-butyrate) GHB (Gamma hydroxy-butyrate)

 Drugs that act to change the way users experience the world through the five senses.  Sometimes this involves seeing, and hearing things which aren't there.

 Cannabis Cannabis  LSD LSD  Magic mushrooms Magic mushrooms  Ketamine Ketamine

 Drugs that have a painkilling effect. e.g.-heroin -opium -morphine

 Drugs that promote muscle growth and increase lean body mass.  These drugs mostly have legitimate medical uses  They are often misused by those wishing to enhance their athletic performance or strength.

 Risks vary according to: -circumstances of the use -the motivation and knowledge level of the user -their mood and expectation at the time of use -the manner of use -size of dose -purity of the sample

 Users can never be sure of exactly what they are taking  Not knowing the strength of what has been bought could lead to an accidental overdose (which may be life-threatening)  Users can't be precisely sure of the effect the drug will have, even if they have taken it before.

 Sharing dirty needles or syringes carries a risk of serious infections  Mixing drugs, or drugs with alcohol  Getting a criminal record.  Effects on relationships, financial pressures, reducing judgement or performance etc.

 (original 1970)  ( gislation/ucm htm) (DEA listing, See the DEA's Drugs of Abuse, 2011)

 Decisions as to scheduling may also include amount of a particular substance in a preparation, etc.)

 High Abuse, No Recognized Medical Use, Lack of Safety  Heroin  LSD  MDMA - Ecstacy  Marijuana  Methaqualone

 High Abuse, Medical Utility, High Dependency Risk  Opium  Morphine  Coca  Cocaine  Methadone  Methamphetamine

 Lower Abuse, Medical Utility, Moderate Dependency Risk  Amphetamine  Barbiturate  Valium  Xanax  Anabolic Steroids  Codeine

 Limited Abuse, High Medical Utility, Limited Dependency Risk  Chloral Hydrate  Meprobamate  Paraldehyde  Phenobarbital

 Minor Problems  Typically includes preparations of the above drugs in limited amounts

 Due to pseudoephedrine and ephedrine being widely used in the manufacture of methamphetamine, the U.S. Congress passed the Methamphetamine Precursor Control Act which places restrictions on the sale of any medicine containing pseudoephedrine.

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