The Science of Marine Biology

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Presentation transcript:

The Science of Marine Biology Chapter 1 The Science of Marine Biology

Why Study Marine Biology? Life originated in the oceans

Why Study Marine Biology? Life originated in the oceans Medical advances Sedgewickmuseum.org

Why Study Marine Biology? Life originated in the oceans Medical advances Food, medicine, tourism earthobservatory.nasa.gov countryliving.com

Why Study Marine Biology? Life originated in the oceans Medical advances Food, medicine, tourism Marine organisms produce half the air we breathe

Earliest History Stone blades found in sea caves with piles of shells (165,000 years ago)

Ancient Pacific Islanders Navigated using the sun and stars Sturdy double-hulled canoes

Phoenicians First accomplished western navigators (2000 B.C.) Related to trade, transportation, and food Keeled hull ships phoenicia.org phoenicia.org

Growth of Marine Biology in Europe Aristotle and his drawings (father of marine Biology) Leif Ericksson discovered N. America (AD 995) News never reached eastern Europe Christopher Columbus 1492 Magellan circumnavigates the globe 1519 askabiologist.asu.edu

Cook Expedition 1768 explored all the oceans First expedition to make scientific observations along the way First to use a chronometer to accurately measure longitude (maps!) James Cook killed in Hawaii during a fight with the natives

HMS Beagle 1831 Charles Darwin Took samples Evolution, how coral atolls form (geology) *Really liked barnacles meer.org/ebook/mbhist.htm oceanservice.noaa.gov

Wilkes Expedition 1838-1842 First government sponsored expedition (U.S.) 2000 new species identified Charted the coast of Antarctica and determined it was a land mass

Challenger Expedition 1872 Charles Wyville Thompson Brittish expedition lasting 3.5 years Brought back more information than was ever gathered before Measurements were taken carefully and methodically meer.org/ebook/mbhist.htm

Movement to the Nearshore Permanent laboratories were set up Stazione Zoologica (Italy) Marine Biology Society of the United Kingdom Woods Hole (1888) Hopkins (Stanford) Scripps Institute of Oceanography Friday Harbor (U. of Washington) www-marine.stanford.edu

Technology Enters the Scene Sonar Scuba

Sonar Developed during WWII to locate Nazi U-boats SOund Navigation And Ranging Detect underwater echos

Scuba Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus Allowed scientists to work under water Limited to shallow water

Marine Biology Today *Research vessels High tech submarines ROVs (Remotely operated vehicles) AUVs (Autonomous underwater vehicles) Undersea habitats Remote sensing (satellites) wapedia.mobi/en http://www.ustream.tv/aquariusreefbase

Marine Biology Today Research vessels *High tech submarines ROVs (Remotely operated vehicles) AUVs (Autonomous underwater vehicles) Undersea habitats Remote sensing (satellites) ic.ucsc.edu http://www.ustream.tv/aquariusreefbase

oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/technology Marine Biology Today Research vessels High tech submarines *ROVs (Remotely operated vehicles) *AUVs (Autonomous underwater vehicles) Undersea habitats Remote sensing (satellites) oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/technology http://www.ustream.tv/aquariusreefbase

Marine Biology Today Research vessels High tech submarines ROVs (Remotely operated vehicles) AUVs (Autonomous underwater vehicles) *Undersea habitats Remote sensing (satellites) http://www.ustream.tv/aquariusreefbase

Marine Biology Today Research vessels High tech submarines ROVs (Remotely operated vehicles) AUVs (Autonomous underwater vehicles) Undersea habitats *Remote sensing (satellites) http://www.ustream.tv/aquariusreefbase njscuba.net

Challenger Activity Groups of 4 Discuss the answer to your question Prepare a 2-3 min answer to share with the class