Noun- a person, place, or thing * girl, house, bicycle Adjective- a word that describes a noun * lazy girl, small house, red bicycle Pronoun- replaces a noun * I, you, she, he, we, me, they, us, it Preposition- links a noun to another word * in, to, beside, on, at, below, around

 Verb- action or “being” * run, jump, be, have, must Adverb- describes a verb, adjective or adverb *quickly, quietly, well, badly (Ask HOW???) Conjunction- joins words, sentences or clauses * and, but, when, or, so Interjection- a short exclamation *ouch! Oh! Wow! No Way! OMG!

 Direct and Indirect Direct: The author tells you directly what the character is like. For example: She was a shy girl who had a hard time warming up to others. Indirect: The author reveals information about the character through their actions, thoughts, and dialogue. For example: She fiddled with her hands and looked down at the floor. She spoke softly and only gave one word answers to the stranger making sure not to make eye contact.

 Round and Flat Stagnant or Flat: A character who plays a minor role and does not show any growth. They play the supporting role to the main character. Dynamic or Round: Complex character that undergoes some sort of transformation or growth throughout the story. They encounter conflict and are changed by it.

 Text to Text A text to text connections is when you find similarities between two texts. How does this text remind you of another text you read? Text to text: “Book A” is similar to “Book B” because in “Book A” it talks about a little boy who is poor and then becomes rich which is similar to the little girl in “Book B” who is poor but eventually becomes rich as well.

 Text to Self A text to self connection is when you connect the text that you are reading to yourself in someway. For example: I can connect to the main character because I have an annoying brother too who is always causing me problems like the character’s brother causes her.

A text to world connection is a connection made between the book that you are reading and the world. For example: This book is about a boy who is trying to stop global warming. In many countries people are trying to stop global warming by building electric cars and…..

 There are 5 parts to a plot and they are always in the same order  Exposition  Rising Action  Climax  Falling Action  Resolution

 Where the story is introduced  Meet characters, setting, etc.  Background

 Events leading to climax  Problems arise  Tension builds

 Exciting point  Turning point  Major Conflict  OMG moment!

 The action that follows directly after climax  Tension lessens  The end of the story where the problem is worked out.

 End of the story  Problem is worked out

Internal - Struggles that takes place in a character’s mind Example: A character dealing with his or her own mixed emotions Man Vs. Himself - since the struggle in inside their own head

 Mrs. Campbell Vs. her worry of whether she left her iron on all day  My dog vs. his separation anxiety

 Struggle between a character and an outside force  Several types of outside forces- Character or Community  May also be forces of nature

 Man vs. Man  Man vs. Environment Man Vs. Man- Two characters against each other Or a character vs. a group of people Not always a literal confrontation- can be battle between ideas

 Mrs. Campbell vs. her brother  Politician vs. angry citizens

 Environment is anything surrounding a person (weather, objects, activities) Basically anything EXTERNAL except other people

 Mrs. Campbell vs. base traffic in Jacksonville  Mrs. Campbell vs. humid weather  Tourist in the Caribbean vs. Hurricane Issac

 First Person- Told from the character himself (inside) I did this, we did that, I loved it.  Third Person- Told from a narrator (outside) Shannon did this, she was happy, they went there.

 Third Person Subjective: Narrator shows thoughts, feelings, and opinions of characters. Third Person Limited: Narrator only knows the thoughts, feelings, and opinions of one (main) character  Third Person Objective: Does not know anyone’s thoughts, feeling, or opinions

 A theme is a broad idea, message, or moral of a story.  The message may be about life, people, the way people act  Themes are never said point blank

 Finding your identity (coming of age)  Importance of friendship and family  Money can’t buy happiness

 One sentence summary of the text  Somebody, wanted, but, so

 The use of clue early in the story that hint at events that are going to happen later

 Placement of a scene within a story that interrupts the sequence of events to reveal something that happened in the past.

 The opposite of what is expected  The policeman who gets arrested  The firefighter whose house burns down  The grocer who has no food in his house

 Metaphors - describes one thing as if it was something else - The house was a zoo this morning  Similes - uses likes or as to make a comparison - He stormed into the meeting like a tornado

 Personification: Gives human qualities to something that is not human -The car growled in the traffic  Symbol: Anything that represents something else. Dove is a symbol of peace

 Alliteration - repetition of consonant sounds in the beginning of words - Slippery Slope Oxymoron- Two words next to each other that mean the opposite

 Great Depression  Jumbo shrimp  Clearly confused  Act naturally  Painfully beautiful  Deafening silence  Only choice  Alone together  Random order  Original copy  Happy sad  Disgustingly delicious  Run slowly  Awfully delicious  Small crowd  Dark light  Light darkness  Dark snow  Appear invisible  Awfully lucky  Awfully pretty  Big baby  Growing smaller  Least favorite  Sweet agony