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Student Learning Objectives SPI Classify common substances as elements or compounds based on their symbols or formulas. SPI Differentiate between a mixture and a compound. SPI Describe the chemical make-up of the atmosphere. TOC: #57. Elements & Compounds Foldable

Study Jams! Elements and Compounds!

Elements & Compounds Foldable Elements Compounds

SPI Elements and Compounds What Is An Element? a substance that CANNOT be broken down into a simpler substance by CHEMICAL means. In other words…you CANNOT change one element into a different element with a chemical reaction Each individual element is a unique particle called an atom So in other words… elements are the different types of atoms Example: Lithium is an element. Here is one lithium atom 3 Li Lithium 6.9

More about Elements! More About Elements: Elements’ chemical symbols always start with one capital letter Can be followed by one or more lower case letters Examples: H = the element hydrogen represents one hydrogen atom Na = the element sodium represents one sodium atom Uub=the element ununbium represents one ununbium atom

Compounds Compounds are pure substances composed of two or more elements that have been chemically combined. Each compound has a unique set of physical and chemical properties that are different elements used to make the compounds. Elements must combine at specific mass ratios. Compounds can be broken down using chemical needs. Electrolysis- sends electric current through compounds. Chemical forces- are forces caused by other compounds or molecules that act on substances. Examples: –NaCl = (Table Salt) –CO 2 = (Carbon dioxide) –C 6 H 12 O 6 = (Glucose) SODIUM AND CHLORINE CARBON AND OXYGEN CARBON, HYDROGEN, & OXYGEN

More About Compounds Formulas for compounds will always contain more than one capital letter. This is how you can tell the difference between an element and a compound… count the number of capital letters! Examples: H 2 O This is the compound called water C 12 H 22 O 11 This the compound called table sugar CH 3 COOH This is the compound called vinegar …is a compound for it has more than 1 capital letter

Is this an element or a compound? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Cs (Cesium) Why?...is a pure substance, consists of only one type of atom How to tell?...It only has one capital letter! Review Activity Element

Is this an element or a compound? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound NaCl (Sodium Chloride) Why?... has two atoms chemically bonded together How to tell?...It has more than one capital letter! Review Activity Compound

Is this an element or a compound? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Fe (Iron) Why?...is a pure substance, consists of only one type of atom How to tell?...It only has one capital letter! Review Activity Element

Is this an element or a compound? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound MgCl 2 (Magnesium Chloride) Why?... has two atoms chemically bonded together How to tell?...It has more than one capital letter! Review Activity Compound

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Student Learning Objectives SPI Classify common substances as elements or compounds based on their symbols or formulas. SPI Differentiate between a mixture and a compound. SPI Describe the chemical make-up of the atmosphere. TOC: #58. Mixtures Notes

Study Jams! Mixtures

What is a Mixture? When you combine two or more substances together, if no chemical reaction occurs then it is called a mixture NOTE: A mixture may contain 1 or more compounds, as long as they do not react with each other (like Koolaid…see example below) MIXTURE EXAMPLES: Koolaid… Pizza… When you combine cheese, tomato sauce, and dough, these items do not chemically react with each other. When you combine water (a compound) and Koolaid powder (sugar, flavoring, & coloring) these items do not chemically react with each other. SPI Mixtures Notes

More About Mixtures:  Any changes you observe in a mixture are only physical changes…no new substances are formed.  Mixtures can be fairly easily separated back into the individual ingredients More Mixture Examples : Red Bull  …is merely a combination of water and other ingredients Air  …is merely a combination of nitrogen, oxygen, & other gases Steel  …is merely a combination of iron and carbon SPI Mixtures or Compounds No chemical reaction occurs

What Is A mixture?  a combination of two or more substances that ARE NOT chemically combined  No chemical reaction occurs!  Unlike a compound… …a mixture can be fairly easily taken back apart EXAMPLES:  Soup, Soft drinks (Coke, Pepsi, etc.), Tea, Hamburgers, Koolaid Drinks, pizza, etc No precipitate is formed No smoke No fizzing or foaming No explosion No heat or light given off SPI Mixtures Notes No explosion No fizzing or foaming No precipitate is formed

Key Point About Mixtures MM ixtures can be fairly easily taken back apart NN o chemical reaction occurs! No smoke More Mixture Examples: SS oup, Soft drinks (Coke, Pepsi, etc.), Tea, Salads, Soil (dirt), Perfume, Cologne, Bronze, etc No smoke No fizzing or foaming No explosion No heat or light given off SPI Mixtures Notes

What Is a Compound?  …is made up of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded via a chemical reaction. More Compound Examples: Water (Hydrogen Oxide) Battery Acid (Hydrogen Sulfate) Table Salt (Sodium Chloride) Table Sugar (Sucrose) Rust (Iron Oxide) Chalk (Calcium Carbonate) SPI Mixtures or Compounds

Review Activity Is this an element, compound, or mixture? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Write a capital M if you think it is a mixture Ar (Argon) Why?...is a pure substance, consists of only one type of atom Element

Is this an element, compound, or mixture? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Write a capital M if you think it is a mixture Monster Energy Drink Why…ingredients DO NOT chemically combine Ingredients: Water, sugar, coloring, and flavor Review Activity Mixture

Is this an element, compound, or mixture? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Write a capital M if you think it is a mixture C 6 H 12 O 6 (Glucose) Why?...has 3 atoms chemically bonded together Review Activity Compound

Is this an element, compound, or mixture? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Write a capital M if you think it is a mixture Chicken Soup Why…ingredients DO NOT chemically combine Ingredients: Water, chicken, vegetable, noodles, salt, etc. Review Activity Mixture

Is this an element, compound, or mixture? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Write a capital M if you think it is a mixture CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) Why?...has 2 atoms chemically bonded together Review Activity Compound

Is this an element, compound, or mixture? Write a capital E if you think it is an element Write a capital C if you think it is a compound Write a capital M if you think it is a mixture Uut (Ununtrium) Why?...is a pure substance, consists of only one type of atom Review Activity Element

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