CONDITIONALS December 12th 2002 1st type conditional If + Present Present, Future, Modal ( can, must et.c.) Examples: If you drop an egg, it breaks.

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CONDITIONALS December 12th 2002

1st type conditional If + Present Present, Future, Modal ( can, must et.c.) Examples: If you drop an egg, it breaks. ( It’s generally accepted) If you cook tomorrow, I’ll wash the dishes. (Something is possible in the future if a certain condition is fulfilled) If she feels cold, they must turn the heat on. ( An action must (can, should) take place if a reason exists ) Activity

2nd type conditional If + Past would/ could/ might + bare infinitive Examples: If Joan had time, she would join us for a drink If you came earlier, you could meet Suzan’s boyfriend. If she were hungry, she might have a snack. (Unreal situation in the present - often used for advice) If I were you………. Activity

3rd type conditional If + Past Perfect would/could/might + have + past participle Examples: If Daddy had known you succeeded, he would have bought you a present. If you hadn’t spent all your money on toys, you could have also bought a present for Granny. If the driver had seen the dog in time, he might have braked harder. ( Unreal situation in the past. Now it’s too late to change anything) Activity

Mixed type conditionals If + type 2 type 1 If nobody paid the bill, the electricity company will cut the power. If + type 2 type 3 If he knew her, he would have spoken to her. If + type 3 type2 If she had got that mobile phone, we would be able to contact her now (We can mix the types of conditionals to express our exact meaning )

Alternative phrases «Unless» can be used to replace «if ……. not». Examples: Unless you’re in a hurry, we can have a cup of coffee. The ice would melt, unless the temperature fell. «If» can be replaced by: provided/ providing that, as long as, suppose/supposing Examples: O.K. we’ll eat out, providing you pay the bill. Suppose we cut down all forests, the earht’s climate will change. As long as the climbers hadn’t heard the weather forecast, they couldn’t have changed their itinerary.