+ Warm up What is a plant? Write down how you would describe what a plant is in every day words to a friend. Then, make a list of words that you think of when you hear the word “plant”

+ The Plant Kingdom: Form and Structure

+ What are Plants? They are Organisms Make their own Food Eukaryotic and Multicellular Have organized Tissues

+ What are Plants? Plastids (such as green chloroplasts) Cell Walls containing Cellulose There are many different types of plants and each belongs to a different plant group. Plant groups differ in the way they Reproduce and the type of Tissues they contain.

+ Form and Structure Most plants have four different types of organs: Roots Stems Leaves Flowers

+ Form and Structure Plant organs are determined by their relationship to Nodes A Node is a region where a leaf is (or was) attached Roots do not have Nodes Stems have Nodes Leaves do not have Nodes but are attached to Stems at Nodes

+ Root Systems A Root System is all the roots of a plant. There are two main types of root systems: Taproot System and Fibrous Root System Taproots: reach relatively deep into the ground Examples: Carrots and Dandelions

+ Root Systems Fibrous roots: has a cluster of roots that are about equal in size and may branch several times Example: Grass, onion

+ Types of Stems Stems that are hard and not very flexible are called Woody Stems This type of stem is capable of supporting a lot of weight. Softer and more flexible stems are called Herbaceous Stems Turgor Pressure helps to support these stems as well as some supporting cell types similar to Woody Stems.

+ Leaf Characteristics The Blade is the flat, green part of a leaf. If a leaf blade looks like it has several individual leaves, it is called a Compound Leaf. Each of the smaller pieces of the blade is then called a Leaflet. Veins are water and sugar conducting tissues.

+ Leaf Characteristics Parallel venation is when the veins of a leaf run parallel to each other. Palmate venation is when veins branch away from the base of the leaf Pinnate venation is when there is one main vein extending the length of the leaf with smaller veins branching away from it along its entire length The part of the leaf between the node and the blade is called the Petiole

+ Leaf Characteristics If there is only one leaf attached at a node, the leaf arrangement is called Alternate If there are two leaves at each node, then the leaves are Opposite Three of more leaves per node is a Whorled arrangement.

+ “Build A Plant” You will need: A partner A piece of white paper Pencils, markers, or colored pencils Today’s notes

+ “Build A Plant” Instructions: Your group is to draw a plant of your creation and label the organs of the plant. You must show one of the different types of root systems, distinguish what kind of stem it will have, and describe the types of leaves it has. Then you must name your plant Write a description of where the plant will live. Have fun!