Using Moles to Count Atoms the SI base unit that describes the amount of a substance 3.4.

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Using Moles to Count Atoms

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Using Moles to Count Atoms

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Presentation transcript:

Using Moles to Count Atoms the SI base unit that describes the amount of a substance 3.4

Mole The mole is useful for counting small particles Moles and grams are related The mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance is called its molar mass 602,213,670,000,000,000,000,000 Avogadro’s Constant x /mol One mole of gumballs is x /mol One mole of popcorn is x /mol (This much popcorn would cover the United States in a pile about 500 km (310 miles) high. 1 mole of carbon-12 Atoms has a molar mass of grams.

Avogadro Avogadro’s constant – the number of particles in 1 mol; equals x /mol You say Avogadro, I say avocado.

Molar Mass Molar mass – the mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance

Converting Conversion factor – a ratio equal to one that expresses the same quantity in two different ways

Calculating with Moles EXAMPLE: What is the mass of exactly 50 gumballs? List the given and unknown values. Given: mass of 10 gumballs = 21.4 g Unknown: mass of 50 gumballs = ? g 2. Write down the conversion factor that converts number of gumballs to mass g / 10 gumballs 3.Multiply the number of gumballs by this conversion factor and solve. 50 gumballs x 21.4 g/10gumballs = 107 g

Gumballs again……………

Practice 1.What is the mass of exactly 150 gumballs? 2.If you want 50 eggs, how many dozens must you buy? How many extra eggs do you have to take? 3.If a football player is tackled 1.7 feet short of the end zone, how many more yards does the team need to get a touchdown?

Converting Amount to Mass Determine the mass in grams of 5.50 mol of iron. 1.List the given and unknown values Given: amount of iron = 5.50 mol Fe molar mass of iron = g/mol Fe Unknown: mass of iron = ? g Fe 2.Write the conversion factor that converts moles to grams g Fe/1mol Fe mol Fe x g Fe/1 mol Fe = 307 g Fe

Relationship

Converting Mass to Amount Determine the amount of iron present in 352 g of iron 1.List the given and unknown values Given: mass of iron = 352 g Fe molar mass of iron = g/mol Fe Unknown: amount of iron = ? mol/Fe 2.Write down the conversion factor that converts grams to moles: 1mol Fe/55.85 g Fe 3.Multiply the mass of iron by this conversion factor, and solve: 352 g Fe x 1mol Fe/55.85 g Fe = 6.30 mol Fe

Check your understanding Complete Math Skills Exercises # 7 and #8 # 7 Converting amount (moles) to mass (grams # 8 Converting mass (grams) to amount (moles)