Wave Energy Unit:. What Are Waves? Waves are disturbances in matter or energy fields that transmit energy from one location to another. A Medium is the.

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Presentation transcript:

Wave Energy Unit:

What Are Waves? Waves are disturbances in matter or energy fields that transmit energy from one location to another. A Medium is the thing the wave travels through; for example, if a water wave moves through water, the water is the medium. Waves that need matter as a medium are called mechanical waves.

Main Types of Waves: Transverse waves vibrate in an up-down motion. The motion of the waves is perpendicular to the motion of the particles in the medium. Longitudinal (or compression) waves travel in a back-and-forth motion. The motion of the waves is in the same direction as the particles in the medium.

Properties of Waves: Amplitude: The size (height) of the wave. The amplitude is determined by the amount of energy that the wave carries. Wavelength: The length of the wave. Frequency: the number of waves that pass by a given point in a certain amount of time. Frequency is usually measured in Hertz: 1 hertz = 1 wave/second. Speed: How fast the wave is moving. Speed = wavelength x frequency

Wave Comparison:

Wavelength/Frequency Relationships: In any wave, at the same speed, if a wave’s frequency increases, the wavelength decreases. Given the same amplitude, if the frequency of a wave is high, that means that the wave will transfer more energy in the same period of time than a wave with a lower frequency.

Homework: LO: Describe the characteristics of waves SLE: Articulate ideas clearly and effectively 1.Read p Review questions, p. 13

LO: Describe the relationship of amplitude and wave speed in transverse waves SLE: Work collaboratively Problem: What happens to the speed of a transverse wave if you increase the amplitude of the wave? Hypothesis: Independent variable: Dependent variable: 3 controls: Procedure: 1.Using a Slinky, and a marker, create a transverse wave with an amplitude of 10cm that travels over a distance of 2m. 2.Measure the time the wave travels the 2m. 3.Repeat steps 1-2 with a wave amplitude of of 20cm 4.Repeat steps 1-2 with a wave amplitude of 30 cm. 5.Compare wave speeds. Data: Wave Amplitude (cm) Time (s) 10cm 20cm 30cm Conclusion :

Behavior of Waves: Reflection: When waves hit a barrier and bounce off in a different direction. Not all waves are reflected from the same surface. If some waves pass through a barrier, they are transmitted.

Refraction: The bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another at an angle. Different media have differing densities, which causes the wave to speed up or slow down as it enters the new medium.

Diffraction: The bending of waves around a physical barrier. The angle of diffraction depends on many factors, especially wave speed.

Interference: When waves occupy the same same at the same time and overlap. Types of wave interference: 1.Constructive: the waves’ crest and troughs match and the resulting wave gets bigger. 2.Destructive: When the troughs and crests overlap each other and the resulting wave gets smaller.

Homework: LO: Identify and describe wave behaviors. SLE: Articulate ideas clearly and effectively 1.Read p Answer review questions on p. 19