1 Module 1 Introduction: The Role of Gender in Monitoring and Evaluation

2 Overview of Schedule and Material Introductions Course Schedule Logistics Participant Workbook Group Exercises (Off-line) Design Matrix Case Examples

3 Purpose of the Course Present the steps in the monitoring and evaluation process Show how gender can be integrated into each step in the M&E process Show how gender can improve the process and products of M&E

4 Course Objectives At the end of this course participants will understand: the concept of gender and why it is important in development basic research concepts and techniques that can be used in monitoring and evaluation ways in which gender can be integrated into each step in the monitoring and evaluation process

5 Defining Gender Culturally based expectations about roles and behavior of men and women. Sex is biologically determined; Gender is socially constructed. Gender roles vary among societies and change within any given society. Gender-related beliefs are deeply embedded and there may be strong resistance to change.

6 Defining Gender (Continued) Gender does not mean women only In developing a project, it is important to understand the gender roles and design projects within that context For example, health programs to reduce fertility and maternal and infant mortality: How do the roles and relationships of men and women impact family planning and maternal and child health programs? How do gender roles and relationships impact the potential for success of the project?

7 Gender in Development Recognizing the complexity of women and men’s multiple roles Involving them in the control of their day-to- day lives Policy-making, planning and investments must become gender-sensitive

8 Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) Monitoring is a continuous internal management activity to ensure that the program implementation and on-going operation are on track. Evaluation is an internal or external management activity to assess whether a program is achieving its intended objectives.

9 Importance of Gender in M&E 1. Men and women have different development priorities, needs and constraints. 2. Men and Women are affected differently by development programs. 3. Standard planning methods often do not capture these differences.

10 Importance of Gender in M&E (Continued) 4. Efficiency/ equity enhanced when gender differences taken into account. 5. Enhanced Validity with Gender. 6. Conventional M&E systems often do not capture gender differences in access and impacts.

11 Issues and Challenges in Gender Sensitive M&E 1.Assumed “gender neutrality”of M&E methods and processes 2.M&E units directed and composed by technical staff who lack awareness of gender issues. 3.Women are often under-represented in evaluation and interview teams.

12 Issues and Challenges in Gender Sensitive M&E (Continued) 4.Women cannot express themselves freely because many data collection methods make it difficult they may be less fluent than men in the language used in the interview they may not be allowed to speak in village meetings and community consultations. 5.Obtaining information from both women and men may increase the cost and time of data collection.

13 Steps in M&E Process 1. Define the problem 2. Specify the project (program) model 3. Determine the questions 4. Select the design Phase 1. Specify model and select design

14 Steps in M&E Process (Continued) 5. Identify indicators and measures 6. Develop your data collection strategy 7. Identify analysis strategy Phase 2. Select measures and strategies for data collection & analysis

15 Steps in M&E Process (Continued) 8. Define an integrated, effective dissemination strategy 9. Develop action plan to use findings 10. Monitor the action plan implementation Phase 3. Plan dissemination strategy and use of findings

16 Design Matrix A tool that can help focus on all the details It is a visual tool Focus is on content not writing style It is a living document Planning is an iterative process. This is a generic format Change it to fit your style See the Design Matrix in this workbook

17 Case Examples  Micro-credit  Family Health

18 Case Example: Family Health Project  Decrease: Fertility rates Maternal mortality rate Infant mortality rate  Increase medical availability and access, including family planning Training women as health providers  Increase health education and promotion