Questions  1. What is passive transport?  2. What is diffusion?  3.What 3 factors is diffusion affected by?  4. What is osmosis?  5. Draw a picture explaining osmosis.  6. Define the following: isotonic solution, homeostasis, hypotonic solution, hypertonic solution.  7. What would happen to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution? What about a hypertonic solution?  8. What is active transport?  9. What is Endocytosis? What are the two types of Endocytosis? Give examples of each  10. What is Exocytosis? Give an example?

1. What is passive transport?  Materials moving across a cell membrane without energy.

2. What is diffusion?  Movement of molecules from high concentrations to low concentrations.  Eg: Diffusion of oxygen into an aerobically respiring cell.  The cell is using oxygen as it respires. The use of oxygen creates a lower concentration of oxygen inside the cell than outside of it. The cell gets more oxygen through diffusion, as oxygen goes from an area of higher concentration (outside the cell) to an area of lower concentration (inside the cell)

How are Passive Transport and Diffusion Related?  As diffusion is defined as 'the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration' and the fact that molecules of oxygen are small enough to pass freely through a cell membrane, the movement requires no energy, and is therefore passive.

3.What 3 factors is diffusion affected by?  Temperature, pressure, and concentration.

4. What is osmosis?  The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

5. Draw a picture explaining osmosis.

6. Define the following: isotonic solution, homeostasis, hypotonic solution, hypertonic solution.  Isotonic solutions - solute concentration outside a cell is equal to the concentration inside the cell.  Homeostasis- Having a constant internal environment  Hypotonic solution - A solution that has lower concentration of solute and higher concentration of water compared to the cell.  Hypertonic- A solution that has a higher concentration of solute and lower concentration of water compared to the cell.  

7. What would happen to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution? What about a hypertonic solution?  If placed in hypotonic  Cell would grow  If placed in hypertonic  Cell would shrink

 Hypotonic solutions can be used for treatment of dehydration. Since the solute in hypotonic solutions is less, water will shift from the solution into the cell. So for a patient having dehydration, meaning there is less water inside the cell, hypotonic solutions can be of great help in correcting the deficiency by allowing water to shift back into the cell.solution

8. What is active transport?  Materials being moved across a cell membrane using the energy of the cell Eg: The thyroid gland cells bring in iodine for use in producing hormones, but require energy to do so. Cystic Fibrosis mutation

9. What is Endocytosis? What are the two types of Endocytosis? Give examples of each  Endocytosis is when the cell ingests materials. The two types are pinocytosis - cells ingest solutions that have dissolved material (small intestine ingesting fat droplets); and phagocytosis - cells ingest solid materials (white blood cells ingesting cell invaders).

10. What is Exocytosis? Give an example?  10. Large materials in the cell are moved outside of it. Waste removal from the cell is done through exocytosis.

 Diffusion demo- small groups see how concentration and temp affect diffusion. Summarize observations in journal.  Osmosis Osmosis  Active Transport Active Transport  Activity pg 51 (potatoes)