Write down the answers to the following questions on a piece of notebook paper. 1.In trying to identify a sample of a pure substance, we observe the following properties. Tell whether each one is a chemical property or a physical property. 1.Its mass is g. 2.It is a shiny solid at room temperature. 3.It melts when heated to 670°C. 4.It is 31.7 centimeters long. 5.It burns in air. 6.It is a good conductor of electrical energy 2.How could we separate water and salt water? 3.Potassium, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are all examples of what? CATALYST (10 MIN)

SUBSTANCES, MIXTURES, AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

 SWBAT distinguish between elements, compounds and mixtures  SWBAT classify mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous  SWBAT list and describe techniques used to separate mixtures OBJECTIVES

COMPOSITION OF MATTER  Everything is made of ELEMENTS.  Depending on how these combine, we call the results different things.  ELEMENTS combine chemically  COMPOUNDS NaCl

COMPOSITION OF MATTER  ELEMENTS and COMPOUNDS combine physically  MIXTURES  Element 1 + Element 2 without a reaction = MIXTURE  Element 1 + Compound 1 without a reaction = MIXTURE  Compound 1 + Compound 2 without a reaction = MIXTURE NaBeNa and Be NaClH 2 OH 2 O and NaCl No Reaction

 SUBSTANCES are pure– they are made of only ONE element or ONE compound.  MIXTURES are made of several kinds of elements or compounds that are NOT chemically linked  MIXTURES can be Homogeneous (same throughout) or Heterogeneous (not even throughout)  Heterogeneous ex. Salad with Croutons  Homogeneous ex. Milk What is this? SUBSTANCES VS. MIXTURES

 How can we get these different substances and mixtures apart?  Filtration  Chromatography  Distillation  Crystallization SEPARATION TECHNIQUES Ms. Hagan used these techniques in college!

CHROMATOGRAPHY PRINCIPLES  the physical separation of a mixture into its individual components

REAL WORLD CHROMATOGRAPHY  Testing water samples  Detect bombs  Detecting pesticide residues in food  Forensics – testing fibers at crime scenes

 separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the substances DISTILLATION

 Crude oil  Natural gas processing  Silicon production REAL WORLD DISTILLATION

 the process of forming solid crystals from a solution containing the dissolved substance CRYSTALLIZATION

 Powder salt for food industry  Silicon crystal wafer production  Production of sucrose from sugar beet REAL WORLD CRYSTALLIZATION

 technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid by gravity FILTRATION

 Sewage/water treatment  Vacuum filtration  Coffee filter  Air conditioners and furnaces REAL WORLD FILTRATION

 Work in your group to read/skim an article about a separation method and make a concept poster to explain the following: 1.Describe the method used, and include a drawing. This part should be as specific as possible and include step-by-step instructions where possible. 2.Explain if it is used to separate mixtures, compounds, elements, etc. 3.Explain how it is used in a real-life example. 4.Students should be prepared to answer questions from the class pertaining to their presentation. All students must contribute at least one piece of information during the presentation.  Your group will present the poster to the class and explain the separation technique  The best posters will be displayed in the class! WE DO: MAKE POSTERS OF THE SEPARATION METHODS

 In your group, present the chart you made about a separation technique  Each person must talk  Make sure you explain: 1.Describe the method used, and include a drawing. This part should be as specific as possible and include step-by-step instructions where possible. 2.Explain if it is used to separate mixtures, compounds, elements, etc. 3.Explain how it is used in a real-life example. 4.Students should be prepared to answer questions from the class pertaining to their presentation. All students must contribute at least one piece of information during the presentation. PRESENT YOUR POSTERS!

Put the following examples in the boxes for element, compound, heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture  Lithium  Human body  Powerade  Baking Soda (NaHCO 3 )  Chicken noodle soup  Salad  Raisin Bran  Oreos  Jello  Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH)  food in your stomach  Aluminum Oxide (Al 2 O 3 )  Hydrogen  Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)  Titanium  Formaldehyde (CH 2 O)  Steel (Fe, C, Cr, V)  Air inside your lungs  Polonium  Hand Soap  Detergent YOU DO: CLASSIFY THE SUBSTANCES

Essential Questions: 1.How can we classify and separate different types of matter? 2.How could we use the different separation techniques to separate iron and salt water? 3.Both compounds and mixtures are made of combinations of different things. Explain the difference between them. CLOSING

 Part 1: Determine if the following are compounds or elements based on their molecular formulas: H 2 O, Na, CO 2, Br 2  Part 2: To answer the questions below first decide whether substance is pure or mixture, and then classify the substance as either an element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture. a.Methanol (CH 3 OH) b.Ice (H 2 O) c.Coca Cola d.Oxygen Gas (O 2 ) e.Saltwater (H 2 O and NaCl) f.Cookies and Cream Ice Cream  Part 3: Draw a molecular diagram (shapes representing atoms and compounds—refer to the PowerPoint slides if you need an example) for each the following substances: pure H­ 2 O, pure O 2, a mixture of H 2 O and O 2. HOMEWORK #3