Do Now 03/03-04 Thinking back to unit 3, what is the nervous system? What is it made up of? What is its purpose?

Today’s Objectives Knowledge: O Purposes of nervous system O Parts of a neuron O Classifications of nervous system Skills: O Ability to locate and name parts of a neuron O Ability to assign classification to part of nervous system based on purpose or organs Big Idea: O Knowing the purposes and classifications will allow students to integrate the knowledge of each day into the broader picture of the unit. The anatomy of a neuron will be very important background information for this unit.

How will we master these objectives? Chapter 9 Outline O I have asked that you begin an outline for chapter 9, and that you define the critical vocab on pages O A complete outline will be due next class. Notes and Practice O Make sure that you take detailed notes and complete all assigned work

Notes O Please clear your desk and take out a clean sheet of paper O Title your page: O Unit 7, Nervous System: Basic Information

Purpose of the Nervous System 1. Receive sensory information 2. Transmit sensory information 3. Integrate and process sensory information 4. Respond to sensory information

Classifications O Central Nervous system: brain and spine O Peripheral Nervous system: nerves, sense organs O Somatic Nervous system : parts we consciously control O Autonomic Nervous system : parts we don’t consciously control O Sympathetic Nervous system: prepares us for action/energy use O Parasympathetic Nervous system : normal, resting state

Neuroglial Cells Neurological Cells far out number neurons because they provide support, fill the spaces and produce myelin O Myelin: electrical insulator, produced by neuroglia (neurological cells)

Parts of a neuron O Axon: O Dendrite O Soma O Nucleus O Schwann cell O Nodes of Ranvier

Diagramming a Neuron O Use your book to diagram and label the parts of a neuron. O When you finish please finish your outline of Chapter 9. This is due next class.

Do Now 04/08-09 Take your outline out and set it on your desk. What classification of the nervous system would you put each of the following: 1. Parts we control consciously 2. The nerves and sense organs 3. Part that gets us ready for action 4. Brian and spine 5. Part making your heart beat right now

Today’s Objective Knowledge O How a nerve impulse works O Types of neurotransmitters O Types of impulse patterns Skills O Identify important features that allow a nerve impulse to work Big Idea: O Nerves are the core building block of the nervous system. Understanding how they transmit information to the spine and brain is an important component of understanding how the nervous system works and very important to many nervous system diseases.

How will we get there? O Last class O Notes: Basic Info O Diagramming a neuron O Homework O Chapter Outline O Today O Notes: An Impulse O Guided Practice: Diagramming O Independent Practice: Worksheet

Chapter 9 POP QUIZ O Take out your Chapter 9 Outline O Clear your desk of all other materials O You will only be able to use this resource for your quiz

Notes O Please take out your notes and continue Unit 7 Unit 7: Nervous Impulse

Nerve Impulse: 6 steps 1. Nerves start at resting potential: High concentrations of Na outside and high concentration of K inside. Caused because of differing diffusion rates. Also caused by Na/K pump (Na out, K in). Leaves the inside of a neuron slightly negative. 2. Neurotransmitter is received at dendrite triggering an action potential. 3. Sodium channels open and allow sodium into neuron (inside become neutral).

Nerve Impulse: 6 steps 4. Potassium channels open and allow potassium out (inside becomes negative again). 5. The action potential triggers action potentials further along the neuron creating a wave of action potentials from the dendrite to the axon (nerve impulse). 6. Na/K pump restores balance of ions.

Limiting Factors O Schwann cells prevent the movement of ions- because of this, the action potentials only take place at the nodes of Ranvier. This allows for the faster transmission of a nerve impulse.

Impulse Vocabulary O When the nerve impulse reaches the end of the axon, it will stimulate the release of a neurotransmitter. If that neurotransmitter increases the chances of an action potential, we call it excitatory. If it decreases the chances, we call in inhibitory.

Impulse Vocabulary O When nerve impulses move, they can converge (come together from many areas which is common from many sensory organs) or diverge (spread out which is common when an impulse is being sent to cause a muscle contraction).

Guided Practice: Continue on Notes O Let’s diagram the stages of the impulse together. O This will help us to visualize a microscopic process and help solidify our mastery of this standard.

Independent Practice O Complete the following worksheet to practice your newly acquired knowledge O Expectations: If its independent it means silent. Volume level 0 Use your notes and textbook for assistance first. If you still need assistance raise your hand. You should finish this worksheet before the end of class.

Do Now 04/10-11 O How the nervous system processes and responds to nerve impulses reflects the organization of neurons in the brain and spinal cord. O Which vocabulary words signifies when impulses from two or more incoming axons combine on a single neuron? O Which vocabulary word signifies that one impulse passes into several output neurons?

Nervous System, Nerves and Impulses O Take out your worksheet assigned last class. I will be circulating to check for credit. O We will be going over it together.

Today’s Objectives Knowledge: O Parts of a reflex arc O Functions of a reflex arc Skills: O Diagram and label the parts of a reflex arc Big Idea: O The reflex arc is the core unit of a reflex as well as being a great demonstration of how neurons and processing centers work together and are interconnected.

How are we going to get there? O Last Class O Notes: Nerve Impulse O Diagramming a Nerve Impulse O Worksheet Practice O Today O Brief Notes O Diagramming a Reflex O CYR #27-30

Reflex Function O This system is designed for speed and protection. It allows for a quick decision to save the body from damage (not falling for knee jerk to less damage from withdrawal response). It doesn’t involve the brain in order to save time.

Reflex Arc: Structure O Sensory receptor: O What receives the sensory information-many types we will talk about on Friday. O Sensory neuron: O The neuron that receives the sensory info. Goes from the sensory receptor into the spine. Synapse in spine.

Reflex Arc: Structure O Interneuron: O In the spine, part of the reflex center, processes the information quickly. Sends response as well as info to brain. Synapse in spine. O Motor neuron: O The neuron that sends the response from the interneuron to the muscle. O Effecter muscle: O receive the impulse and reacts by contracting.

Guided Practice O Students will get into groups of 3 and diagram a reflex arc. They will be asked to include all three types of neurons, label the parts of a neuron, and include the receptor and effector as well.

Independent Practice O Answer Check Your Recall Questions on page 229 O If you finish early work on your homework assignment: O Diagram the major divisions of the brain and spinal cord

Do Now 10 minutes Use page 234 and 235 to diagram the brain’s four major divisions. O You will need to read through 9.14 to identify these four major divisions. O Use the diagrams on page 235 to locate and identify these divisions. O Don’t include extra features! O Make it big enough to add notes!

Color coding will allow for better notes.

Today’s Objectives Knowledge: O Location of the major division of the brain and spinal cord O Purposes of the major regions of the brain O Purpose of the spinal cord Skills: O Identify the symptoms brain injuries will produce based on the region of injury. O Identify the region of the brain injured based on the symptoms of the injury. O Identify the symptoms of a spinal cord injury Big Idea: O The brain is the main processing center of our central nervous system. Understanding the modularity of the brain is important not only in understanding how the brain functions but also how it evolved and how brain injuries impact individuals.

How will we get there? Last Class O Reflex Notes O Reflex Diagram O CYR #27-30 O Pass these forward now. This Class: O Vocabulary O Notes: Brain and Spinal Cord

Copy this vocabulary into your Unit 7 Vocab sheet O Olfactory-having to do with smell O Auditory-having to do with hearing O Optical-having to do with sight O Thermo-heat O Amplify-to make larger or stronger O Chronic-reoccurring, constant

Engage: Brain Injury O What would happen if you injured your brain? Does it matter where it gets injured? Why or why not?

Notes We will be taking notes directly on our brain diagrams Brain: O Four major sections: O Cerebrum O Cerebellum O Dienchephalon O Brain Stem O Spinal cord- conduct nerve impulses to and from brain, spinal reflexes

Cerebrum O Temporal- long-term memory, object recognition, auditory information, speech center O Frontal- critical thinking, ranking reactions, selecting appropriate responses O Occipital- vision O Parietal- process sensory info from body (skin) and spacial orientation (where things are around them).

Cerebrum con… O These four lobes of the cerebrum are named in accordance to the facial and cranial bones which cover them. O Predict: O Where is the frontal lobe located? O Where is the parietal lobe located? O Temporal? O Occipital? Label these on your diagram

Remaining Portions O Cerebellum- takes in info on the position of body parts and coordinates body movement O Brain Stem- reflexes, heart pumping, breathing, smooth muscle contractions O Diencephalon- relays sensory information, maintains homeostasis (regulates) O LIMBIC SYSTEM: emotions

Spinal Cord O Spinal cord- conduct nerve impulses to and from brain, spinal reflexes

Guided Practice Work in your table groups to complete the worksheet to practice brain area functions. Expectations: Volume Level 2 Everyone participating Completed in 15 minutes

Independent Practice O Check Your Recall Questions O Page 237 #36-39 O Page 239 #40-43 O Page 242 #44-50 Expectations O Volume Level 0 O If not completed in class it will become homework.