GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS

SOCIAL GROUPS 2+ people who interact with each other Primary group Small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationships (personal orientation) Secondary group Large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific goal or activity (goal orientation) In the following slides, identify whether or not these groups are primary or secondary:

GROUP LEADERSHIP Instrumental Leadership Leadership that focuses on completion of tasks Examples? Expressive Leadership Leadership that focuses on the group’s well being

WHAT MAKES A LEADER? to_start_a_movement?language=en

LEADERSHIP STYLES 1.Allows the group to function on its own 2.Takes personal charge, demands obedience, and focuses on instrumental/immediate concerns. 3.Expressive and allows group members to help in the decision making process. Authoritarian Democratic Laissez-faire

GROUP CONFORMITY The concept of “fitting in” and conforming. Solomon Asch (1952) Lines on cards Stanley Milgram (1963) Obedience Irving L. Janis (1972) Attack on Pearl Harbor could have been avoided Groupthink Tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue Lack of debate or discussion

REFERENCE, IN, & OUT GROUPS Reference Group A group that is used to model evaluations and decisions for another group E.g. Seniors & Underclassmen In Groups The group in which a person feels respect and loyalty Out Groups The group in which a person feels is competing or opposed to Note: Groups tend to develop collective personalities!!!

In GroupsOut Groups Vs.

DIVERSITY IN GROUPS Large homogeneous groups tend to interact internally i.e. they keep relationships to themselves E.g. cliques Heterogeneous groups tend to interact externally i.e. they are willing to interact with outsiders of their groups Physical boundaries can limit interactions amongst social groups E.g. fraternities on college campuses

NETWORKS Web of weak social ties IMPORTANT FOR WHEN YOU NEED SOMETHING THAT YOU ARE INCAPABLE OF GETTING/DOING YOURSELF!!! Internet the largest social network