 starter activity Best of friends? Work in pairs. One of you is Leonid Brezhnev (left) the other Nixon (right). It’s the early 1970s and increasingly.

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Presentation transcript:

 starter activity Best of friends? Work in pairs. One of you is Leonid Brezhnev (left) the other Nixon (right). It’s the early 1970s and increasingly you feel the need to improve relations with your old enemy. Write down two lists. One - what is making you feel the time has come to bury the hatchet. Two - what could be done to improve East-West relations. Compare your notes with your partner.

Why was there a ‘détente’ in the 1970s?détente Definition: ‘Easing’ of tension between the United States and the USSR

Vietnam War US backed controversial South Vietnam against Communist North Vietnam US commitment increased in 1960s from sending military advisers to deploying ½ million soldiers Student protests, negative media coverage, increased US desire to withdraw New president Nixon wanted to make changes

Arms race Escalating cost of nuclear arms Stockpiling of arms Futility of MAD USSR & US wanted to reduce defence budget to invest in domestic economies

World Oil Supplies Arab- Israeli conflicts threatened to disrupt oil supplies & access to Suez Canal Rapid increase in oil prices affected industrialised economies, e.g. US & USSR

Relations with China US & USSR concerned about growing power of China China & USSR agreed over Vietnam, but quarrelled over other issues US worried about Communist alliance between USSR & China

Initiatives of President Nixon Nixon & Henry Kissinger, Sec. of State, travelled widely (shuttle diplomacy) Brezhnev wanted more trade with West 1972 Nixon visited Moscow (1 st US presidential visit since Roosevelt went to Yalta) 1974 Brezhnev visited Washington 1972 Nixon visited Mao Zedong in Beijing, China

 Your task You are President Nixon and you are going to give a TV broadcast on the reasons why the US must improve relations with the USSR. Write yourself a short script highlighting the mains reasons for détente, but be careful not to appear weak or cynical (i.e. you are not following this policy out of self-interest)