Neurons. The human brain Thought experiment Scientist have discovered that the brain has about 83 billion neurons. How do they know?

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Presentation transcript:

Neurons

The human brain

Thought experiment Scientist have discovered that the brain has about 83 billion neurons. How do they know?

General Morphology of a Neuron Axon Hillock Nodes of Ranvier

Biology of a Neuron

Neurons are Diverse

Neurons Can be Classified by Morphology

The Axon is a Long Process Moving a protein from one end of a (6ft) long sensory neuron to the other would take weeks. For faster communication the neuron uses the electronic potential of the cell membrane. This electronic transfer allows information to travel 6 feet in about 2/100ths of a second.

Cell membrane

Ion Channels Voltage gatedLigand gatedLeak

Action Potential Na + K+K+ Resting Threshold

Thought experiment How can a neuron encode information? How can one neuron communicate to an entire brain?

Myelin Sheath

Myelin Sheath Increases the Speed of Action Potential Propagation Unmyelinated Myelinated

Synapse Presynaptic terminal Synaptic vesicle Mitochondria Synaptic Cleft Postsynaptic bouton Neurotransmitter receptor

Post synaptic potentials

Neurons form neural networks

Neuroglia

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