Sections 1-2

Federalists President- John Adams Vice Pres- Charles Pinckney Republicans President- Thomas Jefferson Vice Pres- Aaron Burr

Jefferson & Burr tied with 73 votes in Electoral College House of Reps had to decide (Votes were based on the individual instead of Party candidates as a team.)

Thomas Jefferson- President Aaron Burr- Vice President

1804 Electors vote for President and Vice President on separate ballots

French philosophy – “Let people do as they choose” Jefferson’s ideals 1.Reduce federal government’s power 2.Stronger state governments

Cabinet 1.Secretary of State- James Madison 2.Secretary of Treasury- Albert Gallatin

Expired Alien & Sedition Act Expired Naturalization Act – (Forced aliens to wait 14 years instead of 5 to become a citizen)

Cutting Costs 1.Military 2.Repeal internal taxes a.(Whiskey Tax) 3.Limit Government funds a.Customs duties- taxes on foreign imported goods b.Sale of western lands

Judiciary Act of 1801 – Passed by Federalists during Adams’s presidency – Set up regional courts with 16 justices – John Marshall became Chief Justice – William Marbury last minute appointed judge

James Madison (SOS) did not accept Marbury’s commission John Marshall set up judicial review: -Definition: Power given to Supreme Court to validate whether or not a legislative act is constitutional Stated Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional, turning down Marbury’s commission

American Settlers moved to NW, Kentucky, and Tennessee Conestoga wagons- sturdy vehicles topped with white canvas

Louisiana Territory – Mississippi River to California – Owned by Spain – Spain allowed American farmers to use Mississippi River

Spain stopped allowance of American use of Mississippi River Spain gave France Louisiana Napoleon Bonaparte wanted to regain lost land from American

Haiti under French control Haitian Revolution – Toussaint Louverture: Led Enslaved Africans to gain independence from the French – French were driven out of Santo Domingo and Haiti was formed.

Bonaparte unable to regain American lands Charles de Talleyrand offers United States to purchase Louisiana Territory for 15 million dollars Senate approved purchase 1803

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark – Left from St. Louis to Pacific Ocean – Inspired Americans to settle westward – Ventured with/ Sacagawea Zebulon Pike – Found the modern day Colorado – (Grand Peak Mountain)

Federalists feared Louisiana territory would become predominately Demo-Republican. Federalists wanted to secede – Secede: to withdraw Wanted New England & NY become “Northern Confederacy”

Federalists attempted to persuade Aaron Burr by helping Burr win election to become NY governor (Aaron Burr felt betrayed because of 1800 Election)

Alexander Hamilton accused Burr for treason Burr blamed Hamilton for loss of NY election Both dueled: Hamilton died