End of WW2 1. The Great Land Grab 2. What happened to Germany 3. Birth of 2 super powers 4. Canada Displaced Persons (DP) Newfoundland, Resources
The End of the War V.E Day: The war in Europe ends on May 8, Nazi Germany surrenders when Soviet (Russian) forces enter the city of Berlin Hoisting the Soviet Flag in Berlin
3 Satellite Nations… Stalin never allowed truly free elections. Instead, communist governments were installed in many Eastern European nations. Main Purpose? Protect USSR from invasion from the West Buffer Zone
Post War Germany
The End of the War The A-Bomb August 6, 1945, a lone American bomber flew high over the Japanese city of Hiroshima Dropped a single bomb named “Little Boy” 1 st atomic bomb unleashed on the world
V- J Day Japan surrendered August 14 – 1945 The War was OVER!!!! The new world order Two new world super – powers Atomic age A territorial war based on ideas (communism vs. free democracy / capitalism) The Cold War begins
7 New Superpowers The United States and the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Each nation was strong enough to greatly influence world events. Stalin – Premier of USSR Harry Truman President of the USA
8 Containment Policy George Kennan, career Foreign Service Officer Formulated the policy of “containment”: US would not get rid of communism, but would not allow it to spread. US would “contain” communism where it already existed.
Canada Displaced Persons Newfound Land Resources An area of optimism and pessimism Middle power – cold war
Newfoundland Newfoundland, although proving to be of strategic importance during WW2 is afraid it will loose its independence and become a colony of Britain Problem: How does it prevent itself from falling to economic ruin
Referendums Referendum #1 People of Newfoundland voted on all 3 options No single option received a majority vote Re-vote Referendum #2 People of Newfoundland voted on 2 options: Self- government or union with Canada
Referendum Results Those in the out-posts, fisheries, loggers and miners voted with Joey Smallwood for confederation with Canada Wanted financial security and stability The Merchants voted for “responsible self- government” Feared the market might move
Referendum Results – March 31, % of Islanders favoured joining Canada 48% of islanders were for responsible self-government April 1, 1949 Newfoundland became Canada’s 10 th province and Joey Smallwood became Canada’s last father of confederation Joey Smallwood first premier of Newfoundland - Last Father of Confederation
Topic 3 Resources To Meet American Demand
Natural Resources and mega projects Natural Resources Oil and gas Lumber, pulp and paper Hydro electric Metals / minerals Mining and aggregates Mega-projects -Pipeline -St. Lawrence Seaway -Hydro-electric dam CANDU reactors Nuclear power
Resources Discovery of oil in Leduc Alberta, 1947 Mining – fueling the American demand for wood, coal, iron, aluminum and copper
Resources continued Lumber – feeding American demand Nuclear power – CANDU Reactor
Resources So how do we move these resources? Ship – St. Lawrence Seaway Rail Pipeline Highway – Trans Canada Highway