Chapter 1- What is Safety? Understanding safety and how to apply it to your life.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?2 Safety Defined  Safety is an ever-changing condition in which one attempts to minimize the risk of injury, illness, or property damage from the hazards to which one may be exposed.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?3 Important Definitions  Accident is a sequence of events that leads to an unintended injury or damaging of something.  Hazard is a set of conditions that have the potential to produce injury or property damage.  Injury is any kind of damage to the body resulting from a single exposure to some type of energy or force.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?4 Risk Defined  Risk is the probability of a negative occurrence as well as its severity.  Risk involves two components: The likelihood that the negative event will occur. The severity of injury or damage is it does occur.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?5 Safety Personals Efforts  Accident Prevention Developing ways to eliminate the occurrence if unplanned, dangerous events.  Accident Mitigation Developing methodologies that reduce the damage caused by these unplanned events.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?6 Injury Today  Accidents are the fourth leading cause of death for all ages.  Accidents are the leading cause of death for those under the age of 44.  Ages and 65+ are at the highest risk for accidental death.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?7 The Toll of Injury  The YPLL Index measures the years of potential life lost before age 65.  The Center for Disease Control developed this as a way of reporting the necessity for preventing accidents.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?8 Injury Epidemiology  Epidemiology is the fundamental science of studying the occurrence, causes and prevention of a disease.  Injury epidemiology studies the causes for and prevention of injury.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?9 Epidemiological model  An Epidemiologic model illustrates that a change in any of its components may alter the existing state of one’s safety and either increase or decrease the possibility of injury or property damage.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?10 The Haddon Matrix  Dr. William Haddon Jr. developed the Haddon Matrix in the 1960’s.  It is a system for identifying motor vehicle hazards and developing counter measures to reduce the likelihood of undesirable results.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?11 Four Factors of Safety 1.Understanding the Difficulty of the Activity 2.Ability Level of the Performer 3.Immediate State of the Performer 4.Condition of the Environment

Chapter 1- What is Safety?12 Safety Education  Safety Education consists of three elements: 1. Knowledge creates an awareness 2. Attitude Enables a person to judge a situation 3. Skill Development

Chapter 1- What is Safety?13 Adjustive Behavior  Adjustive Behavior is the consistent performance of an activity in the face of possible unplanned interruptions

Chapter 1- What is Safety?14 Historical Perspective  The most early efforts in safety were designed to help protect property.  Benjamin Franklin established the nations first fire department.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?15 Historical Perspective  The first Trade Society called The Federal Society of Journey Cordwainers was organized in 1794 by a group of shoemakers in Philadelphia.  It originated as a mutual aid society, paying death benefits to family members of those who were sick or died.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?16 Historical Perspective  Mining injuries led to the development of the first State Bureau of Labor Statistics in Massachusetts in about  However, the increase in immigrant workers led to a decrease in concern for injured workers because new labor was cheap and easy to find.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?17 Historical Perspective  Underwriters Laboratories was developed in Chicago to investigate fire hazards.  National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) was established to increase the safety of fire-fighting equipment. They both play a major role in fire safety today

Chapter 1- What is Safety?18 Historical Perspective  The first Workers Compensation Law was passed by Wisconsin legislature in  It provided money for hospital expenses and wages for injured employees, as well as death benefits.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?19 Historical Perspective  The Walsh-Healy Act was the forerunner of today’s Occupational Safety and Health Act.  It required worker health and safety standards for those companies working for the Federal Government.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?20 Historical Perspective  The Consumer Product Safety Act was established to set safety standards for consumer products. They also monitor injury by these products.  The Occupational Safety and Health Act was established to provide safe conditions for all working men and women.

Chapter 1- What is Safety?21 Summary  Safety is a key component in everyone’s life.  Historically, safety has been an issue and concern for a long time.  By using the laws designed to help us, we can lead safe lives.  Safety education is helpful and important for everyone.