8.1 continued: The elements of molecular compounds

An ionic compound is made of a cation of a METAL NONMETAL METALLOID and an anion of a METAL NONMETAL METALLOID (or the cation can be ammonium, and the anion can be a negative polyatomic ion.) Why are a metal and a nonmetal usually needed to form an ionic bond?

EXPLAIN:

A molecular compound is usually made of Explain.

Let’s look at the behavior and uses of the nonmetals… HYDROGEN It is a member of __________ family. It can LOSE GAIN SHARE ________ electron; therefore, it can form only __________ bond

Group 17 – the ______________ - have ____ valence electrons. They want _____ more electron. Therefore, they prefer to make ____ bond.

Group 16 – the _______________ family - has _____ valence electrons, so its elements want ____ more electrons. Therefore they prefer to make ___ bonds.

Group 15, the _____________ family - has ____ valence electrons, so its elements want ____ more electrons. Therefore they prefer to make ________ bonds.

Group 14 – the _______________ family - has ____ valence electrons, so its elements want ____ more electrons. Therefore they prefer to make ________ bonds.

What compounds would these elements make with hydrogen? COMMON NAMES 1. chlorine _________________ 2. oxygen_________________ 3. nitrogen_________________ 4. carbon_________________

The elements found in the human body are shown below: RED = most abundant BLUE = found in lesser amounts GREEN = trace amounts Note that the most common elements in the human body are all nonmetals…

The human body and most living things are primarily made of these nonmetals: oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen