Atlantic Canada SOCIAL STUDIES

 We are going to start with Physical Setting.  What does physical setting mean? PHYSICAL SETTING

LINES OF LATITUDE

 Notice the Prime Meridian LINES OF LONGITUDE

 Using the maps provided let’s locate each of the Atlantic provinces.  Notice how they compare in size. Which province is smallest, largest? MAPS

NOTICE THE LOCATION AND SIZE OF EACH OF THE FOUR ATLANTIC PROVINCES.

NEW BRUNSWICK

NOVA SCOTIA

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR

 Google Maps Exploration

 Besides regular maps we can also find out a lot about an area with the use of a topographic map.  Topographic maps show many details that regular maps exclude. Details such as elevation, lakes, marshes, hills and valleys are just a few. TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS

 Read pages 10 and 11 in the text book and answer questions 1 and 2 on page 11.  Read pages 12 and 13 and answer questions 1-5. MAP ACTIVITY 1

 Using any resource you want create a map of your neighborhood.  Include: street names, houses, playgrounds, shortcuts, trails, commercial buildings(businesses), churches, schools, places that hold a special meaning, bus stops… ASSIGNMENT 1 - CREATE YOUR OWN MAP 10 MARKS

Absolute Location is the exact location of a point on the earth’s surface identified by coordinates. The Lines of Latitude and Longitude are used to find the absolute location. Relative Location is the general location of a place described in terms of distance or direction from another place.  Relative location is something you would use when you gives directions to someone. RELATIVE LOCATION AND ABSOLUTE LOCATION

 Pretend that your parent(s) are coming for a meeting at school and they need to know what seat you sit it during homeroom.  In your notebook, write down directions (relative location) for your parent(s) to help them find your seat in the classroom. RELATIVE LOCATION ACTIVITY

 What is the Relative Location of Canada?  What is the Relative Location of Atlantic Canada?  What is the Relative Location of New Brunswick?  What is the Relative Location of Oromocto?  What is the Relative Location of your house? RELATIVE LOCATION ACTIVITY

 Let’s locate the capital of each Atlantic Province.  New Brunswick –  Nova Scotia –  P.E.I. –  Newfoundland and Labrador - PROVINCIAL CAPITALS

POPULATION – QUICK GLANCE

NEW BRUNSWICK

 New Brunswick is one of the 4 Atlantic provinces.  New Brunswick borders Quebec, Maine, Nova Scotia and is connected to PEI via the Confederation Bridge.  The capital of NB is Fredericton.  There are 8 major communities in NB: Edmundston, Campbellton, Bathurst, Miramichi, Moncton, Dieppe, Saint John and Fredericton. NEW BRUNSWICK

CONFEDERATION BRIDGE

 It is 85% covered by forest, which is the terrain of most of the interior of this province. New Brunswick is the largest of Canada's three Maritime Provinces and mainly surrounded by coastline.

 NB is a province whose history and culture are deeply connected to the water.  The biggest lake is Grand Lake.  There are 7 major river systems that run throughout NB: Restigouche, Nepisiguit, Miramichi, Petitcodiac, Kennebecasis, Saint John and Tobique Rivers.  The Atlantic Ocean borders the southern, eastern and north eastern parts of the province.  The Bay of Fundy is located in the south.  The Northumberland Strait flows between NB and PEI.  The Gulf of Saint Lawrence flows around north eastern NB and the coast of PEI, NS and NFLD. BODIES OF WATER IN NB

NOVA SCOTIA

 Canada is such a large country that people who live in one area may have little contact with people from another. As a result, people often identify the most with people from the same region.  The region that we live in is Atlantic Canada. This area is called this because the Atlantic Ocean forms borders for all 4 provinces. ATLANTIC CANADA AS A REGION

 Geographers define a region by an area that shares common features such as language, ways of making a living, cultural expressions, physical environment, climate and location.  N.B., N.S., P.E.I. and NFLD and Labrador are the four provinces that constitute Atlantic Canada. These provinces are distinct and have their own defined culture.

CANADIAN REGIONS

 Distance and Time  For many years communities set their clocks by the sun. In the mid 1800’s, time differences began to pose a problem as communication improved. Time distance or the time it takes to get between given points was shrinking.  A Canadian surveyor, Sir Sandford Fleming, suggested that the globe be divided into 24 time zones. This idea was adopted in 1884.

 Saskatchewan Saskatchewan  Saskatchewan is an oddity for time zones. Saskatchewan is mostly in the Central Time Zone, along with Manitoba and north western Ontario. However, Saskatchewan does not observe a time change (back or forward by one hour in the fall and spring) except in the city of Lloydminster which observes Daylight Saving Time but is also in the Mountain Time Zone.

 Read page 22 in the text book to familiarize yourself with the time zones in Canada. Look at the map on page 23 to assist you in answering the following questions:  Question 2 and 3 from page 23.  What time zone do you live in?  When you travel to southern destinations(ex. Dominican Republic) why don’t you have to change your watch?  What changes happened in the 1800’s that lead to the need for the creation of time zones?

 Much of Atlantic Canada is known for its rugged terrain dotted with thousands of lakes and ponds, and its coastline broken with bays and inlets. Along with these features we also have other physical features such as:  Mountains – a mass of land that is significantly higher than the surrounding area. Mountains are generally 600m and higher. LANDFORMS IN ATLANTIC CANADA

MOUNT CARLETON

MOUNT CAUBVIK

CAPE BRETON HIGHLANDS

QUEEN’S COUNTY

 Fjord – is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity.  Although fjords are typically salt water Newfoundland’s Gros Morne National Park houses a fresh water fjord sometimes called a fjord lake.  Mostly found in NFLD. Mostly found in NFLD

FIORD IN NEWFOUNDLAND

 Fjords around the world Fjords around the world

 Review pages 24 and 25 and answer questions 1, 2 and using the map below, what can you say about the general location of most fjords? TESTING YOUR KNOWLEDGE

 Using your text book read pages and complete a Venn Diagram for each pair of water forms below: 1.Pond; lake 2.Bay; gulf 3.Fen; bog

 River – a long narrow body of water that flows from high to low land and empties into a body of water (like a lake or an ocean). RIVERS

SAINT JOHN RIVER – REVERSING FALLS

 4. Lake – a body of water completely surrounded by land.

GRAND LAKE

 5. Pond – a small body of still water.

POND

 6. Wetlands – an area that is neither solid ground or open water. Known as bogs, swamps and marshes.

 7. Bogs – composed mainly of peat (a thick mass of decomposed plants over 1000’s of years). The water table is near the surface but it is fed only by the rain and snow.

 8. Fens – are like a bog only they are fed by streams.

 9. Swamps – occur when water collects in pools. Swamps may contain mature trees such as black spruce and shrubs such as willows and alders.

 10. Marshes – areas that are either permanently or seasonally covered by water. The water is often divided into channels. Common plants found in marshes are cattails, water lilies and rushes.

 Gulf – a very large area of the ocean that is partially enclosed by land. Example – Gulf of Saint Lawrence – runs around NS, PEI, NB and NFLD.

 Bay – a partially enclosed area of the ocean that has an opening back out to the sea.

 In your exercise book makes notes on fjords, mountains, rivers, ponds, wetlands, bogs, swamps, marshes Include a definition and examples.

 Page 23 Q. 2, 3 a) and b)  Page 25 Q. 1, 2a)  Page 29 Q. 2a), 5a), 6a) and b) QUESTIONS