Enzymes Special proteins Increase the speed of biochemical reactions (catalysts) Lower the activation energy of chemical reactions Usually end in “ ase.

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Presentation transcript:

Enzymes Special proteins Increase the speed of biochemical reactions (catalysts) Lower the activation energy of chemical reactions Usually end in “ ase ” Named after the substrate they act upon Critical to life

How Enzymes Work Active site: region where the reaction takes place – specific shape Substrates: reactants – specific shape – bind to active site

How Enzymes Work 1.Substrates bind to enzyme ’ s active site. - lock and key or puzzle piece fit

How Enzymes Work 2. Enzyme substrate complex - chemical reaction occurs Enzyme-Substrate Complex

How Enzymes Work 3. New products are released - enzyme can be used again

Types of Reactions Decomposition: when a large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules – Ex: 2H 2 O 2  2H 2 O + O 2 Enzyme = catalase Synthesis: when 2 or more small molecules are combined to form a larger molecule – Ex: RNA Polymerase combines nucleotides to form RNA

How Enzymes Work hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter2/animation_ _how_enzymes_work.html

Conditions Most enzymes need a certain temperature and pH range If enzymes are exposed to conditions outside their designated temperature and pH range, they could denature (unfold and become non-functional)

Quiz Substrates/Reactants Active Site Enzyme Enzyme-Substrate Complex Product

Quiz (cont.) Decomposition or Synthesis Reaction?

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