What are the Types of Chemical Reactions? 1. Synthesis Reaction 2. Decomposition Reaction 3. Single Replacement Reaction 4. Double Replacement Reaction 5. Combustion Reaction

Synthesis Reactions (Combination Reactions) A chemical change in which 2 or more substances form a single new substance. Key = 1 product General Equation: A + B  C

Examples H 2 + O 2  K + Cl 2  Mg + O 2  Remember: BrINClHOF!!

Examples H 2 + O 2  H 2 O K + Cl 2  KCl Mg + O 2  MgO Remember: BrINClHOF!!

Decomposition Reactions A chemical change in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Opposite of synthesis reaction. Key = 1 reactant General Equation: A  B + C

Examples H 2 O  KCl  H 2 O 2 

Examples H 2 O  H 2 + O 2 KCl  K + Cl 2 H 2 O 2  H 2 + H 2 O

Single Replacement Reactions A chemical change in which one element replaces a second element in a compound. A cation must replace a cation, and an anion must replace an anion. To determine if the reaction occurs, you must use the activity series. Key = 1 element & 1 compound as reactants General Equation: A + BC  B + AC or A + BC  C + AB

Examples Cu + AgNO 3  K + H 2 SO4  Na + LiCl  F 2 + Na Cl 

Examples Cu + AgNO 3  CuNO 3 + Ag K + H 2 SO4  K 2 SO4 + H 2 Na + LiCl  No Reaction F 2 + Na Cl  NaF + Cl 2

Double Replacement Reactions A chemical change involving the exchange of cations between two compounds. Takes place in aqueous solution and must produce a precipitate, a gas, or a covalent compounds such as water.

To determine if the reaction occurs, you must use the solubility rules. Key = 2 compounds as reactants General Equation: AB + CD  AD + CB

Examples CaSO 4 + NaCl  KI + Pb(NO 3 ) 2  BaBr 2 + KCl 

Examples CaSO 4 + NaCl  No Reaction KI + Pb(NO 3 ) 2  PbI 2 + KNO 3 BaBr 2 + KCl  No Reaction

Combustion Reaction A chemical change in which an element or compound reacts with oxygen producing energy in the form of heat or light. A hydrocarbon and oxygen are always the reactants. Carbon dioxide and water are always products. General Equation: C x H y + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O

Examples CH 4 + 2O 2  CO 2 + 2H 2 O

Types of Chemical Reactions Video b996/Type-of-Chemical-Reactions