MATH 1107 Elementary Statistics Lecture 2 Frequency Distributions and Visualizations of Categorical Data

MATH Visualization January 28, 1986 the Challenger Space Shuttle exploded killing 7 astronauts. Direct cause was the faulty seal of 2 rubber “O” rings. The indirect cause of the tragedy was poor data presentation.

Edward Tufte is considered the authority on the Visual Display of Quantitative Information. Some of his thoughts -  Clear and intelligent design not only reflects, but also spurs clear and intelligent thought.  Clutter and confusion are failures of design, not attributes of the information.  Bad graphics fail because they omit or manipulate context, deceive by discouraging comparison or obscuring important details. MATH Visualization

Fun in class exercise!

Lets examine a different perspective of the Titanic passenger examples in your book: MATH Visualization MenWomenBoysGirlsTotal Survived Died Total

Converting frequency counts into more meaningful and communicative information is an important skill. Specifically, you should be able to convert this data into the following: Marginal percentages Conditional percentages Bar Chart Pie Chart We will execute these in EXCEL – refer to the notes on the website. MATH Visualization