Classification of Living Organisms Kingdoms of Life Classification of Living Organisms

What does it mean to classify? Classification – to place items into a group based on characteristics that they have in common.

Carl Linnaeus Swedish 1707 (how long ago was that) Father and grandfather were Lutheran priests God created the world, so studying the world was studying God. Studied and became a doctor. Wrote The System of Nature Became a professor

5 Kingdoms of Life * Plant (

All organisms can be organized into one of five kingdoms All organisms can be organized into one of five kingdoms. This system was developed by Carl Linnaeus. 1. Animal 2. Plant 3. Fungi 4. Monera 5. Protist

LATIN Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Variety Animalia – an animal Chordata – internal skeleton (spinal chord) Mammalia – a mammal Carnivora – carnivor Canidae – dog like characteristics Canis – coyote, wolves, dogs Familiaris – domesticated Collie – the specific breed LATIN

You can remember the subgroups of each kingdom with this acronym… King = kingdom Philip = phylum Came = class Over = order For = family Good = genus Spaghetti = species

Taxonomy – A system of classifying living things, that gets increasingly more specific.

The genus and species of a human is: Homo – man (human) sapien –wise

Kingdom Monera What is a moneran? Moneran – an organism without a membrane-bound nucleus; also known as a prokaryote; most monerans have only 1 cell. Bacteria What is an example of a moneran?

Review: What is a protist? Kingdom Protista Review: What is a protist? Protist – an organism that is typically one cell that has a membrane bound nucleus. Examples of protists: Algae Amoeba Euglena Protozoan Diatoms

Protista Algae: a group of protists that can make their own food through photosynthesis. GREEN

Euglena: a tiny single-celled organism; often classified as algae Protista Euglena: a tiny single-celled organism; often classified as algae

Why can we see algae? Cell Colony – groups of identical cells. Protista Why can we see algae? Algal cells form together in cell colonies. A single colony can consist of up to 500 cells each with a pair of flagella for movement. The colony works together and moves as one unit. Cell Colony – groups of identical cells.

Protista Amoeba: a one-celled organism that moves by continually changing shape; can only be seen with a microscope.

Fungus Fungus

Fungi Fungus – a decomposing, or parasitic organism that is separated from the plant kingdom because of the way it gets nutrients.

Fungi Examples of fungi: Mushrooms Yeast Mold Mildew

Fungi - Mushrooms Spore – a single reproductive cell that when released can grow into a new fungus.

Animalia Animal – multi-celled organism that can move; able to consume other organisms for food (food chain).

Animalia Vertebrates – animals with a backbone Invertebrates – animals without a backbone

invertebrates

Animal - Invertebrates Invertebrates do not have an internal skeletal systems. There are 6 groups of invertebrates: worms, echinoderms, mollusks, arthropods, and cnidarians. Look at the invertebrates in the following slides and explain how… #1 they survive without an internals skeleton #2 benefits of living without a skeleton. Think about (protection, getting food, survival, etc.)

vertebrates

MR. FAB Animal - Vertebrates Vertebrates can be split into 5 groups based on characteristics such as: - Skin covering - Warm blooded/cold blooded - How they deliver offspring - How they feed their babies - How they breathe The five classes of vertebrates are: Mammals Reptiles Fish Amphibians Birds MR. FAB

cold-blooded (internal body temperature changes with the temperature of the surroundings). Fish, amphibians, and reptiles warm-blooded (maintain a nearly constant body temperature regardless of the surrounding temperature).Birds and mammals

Plant Kingdom – is a separate unit