WATER AVAILABILITY

Total availability of water in earth-1.37X18 8 M ha m Fresh water – 2.8 % Saline water – 97.2% Surface water – 2.2% Groundwater- 0.6% Glaciers – 2.15 % Lakes & reservoirs – 0.01% Streams – % Water vapour in atm % Soil moisture – 0.002% Economically extracted – 0.3 % Remaining is at depth > 800m

WATER RESOURCES IN NORTH INDIA Rivers Dams Check basins Wells Lakes, etc,

RIVERS  Beas,  Satluj,  Ravi,  Chenab  Jhelum.  The ganges  Yamuna

Water Resources Management  The north region of India has ground water resources km 3 surface water km 3 Ultimate irrigation potential in the region is 1488 thousand ha from major and 1755 thousand ha from minor irrigation projects

Rainfall pattern and distribution.  Annual average rainfall is about 120 cm  North – west monsoon.  Winter (little amount)  75 percent total rainfall is received in the four month period from June-September.  Himalayas gets heavy precipitation.  Rajasthan desert is lowest with 15 cm.

River project estimation Name of Basin Catchment area(m ha) Average annual precipitation(c m) Total precipitation( m ha m) Mean temperature(d egree centigrade) Average annual run- off(m ha m) Indus Basin Ganga Basin Brahmaputra Basin West-flowing Rivers East-flowing Rivers Loni & Ghaggar Basin Total