Joints Chapter 8
What is a joint? Defined as the site where two or more bones meet. Also called an “articulation” Joints allow our skeleton mobility and they hold our skeleton together
Classification of Joints Functional classification Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthroses
Classification of Joints Structural classification Fibrous joints Cartilaginous joints Synovial joints
FIBROUS JOINTS General Characteristics Bones are joined by fibrous tissue No joint cavity is present Most are immovable but some are slightly moveable
TYPES OF FIBROUS JOINTS Sutures (synostoses) Syndesmoses Gomphoses
FIBROUS JOINTS Sutures
FIBROUS JOINTS Syndesmoses
FIBROUS JOINTS Gomphoses
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS General Characteristics Articulating surfaces are united by cartilage No joint cavity Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic
TYPES OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS Synchondroses Symphyses
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS
Review Question What is the scientific term for a joint that is immovable? a. Diarthrotic b. Amphiarthrotic c. Synarthrotic
Review Question Which of the following is an example of a fibrous joint? a. Synchondroses b. Syndesmoses c. Symphyses
Review Question Which of the following best describes a suture? a. Synchondroses b. Syndesmoses c. Symphyses d. Synostoses e. Gomphoses
SYNOVIAL JOINTS General Characteristics Articular bones are separated by a fluid-filled cavity Joints of limbs Diarthrotic
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Movements of synovial joints Axis of motion Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial
GLIDING MOVEMENTS
Angular Movements
Angular Movements
Angular Movements
Special Movements
Special Movements
Special Movements
Review Question Which of the following best describes someone who is “pigeon-toed”? a. Medial rotation b. Lateral rotation c. Circumduction d. Inversion e. Eversion
Review Question Which of the following muscle actions best describes “windmill” exercises? a. Medial rotation b. Lateral rotation c. Circumduction d. Inversion e. Eversion
Types of Synovial Joints
Types of Synovial Joints
Types of Synovial Joints
Types of Synovial Joints
Types of Synovial Joints
Types of Synovial Joints
Review Question Which of the following types of synovial joint is found within the joint between the 1st metacarpal and 1st phalange? a. Saddle b. Pivot c. Hinge d. Ball and socket e. Condyloid
Review Question Which of the following types of synovial joint is found within the hip joint? a. Saddle b. Pivot c. Hinge d. Ball and socket e. Condyloid
Joint Injuries Sprains Dislocations Bursitis Tendonitis Arthritis Synovitis