ERA OF GOOD FEELING JAMES MONROE and JOHN QUINCY ADAM’S ADMINISTRATIONS

A. The Era of Good and Hard Feelings 1. James Monroe a. domestic affairs 1. Era of Good Feelings a. Nationalism –feelings of pride and devotion 1. developed in U.S. due to War of Americans thought more about their nation’s goals, needs, and interests 2. Election of 1816 a. Republican candidate –James Monroe easily defeats Federalist candidate b. By 1820, Federalists Party had faded out

3. Henry Clay’s American System a. aimed to help the economy of each section of the country b. increased the power of the federal government 1. Higher Tariffs – for trade protection a. protective tariff –taxed imported goods b. Tariff of 1816-taxed other countries goods 2. Second National Bank of U.S. formed a. first one’s (Hamilton’s) charter ended -1811: 1. RESULT: State banks made bad decisions a. inflation –prices of goods rise;income did not

b. Second National Bank helped: 1 restored order to money supply-businesses grow 2. Federal Gov’t had a place to put their money 4. Nationalism vs. Sectionalism a. sectionalism: rivalry based on special interests of different regions of country 1. country split into sections: North, South, West 2. South unhappy about high protective tariffs

b. Monroe’s foreign affairs 1. Tariffs of 1816 and 1824-high protective tariffs 2. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 a. East Florida, under Spain’s rule, was a problem for U.S. (escaped slaves hid there; Seminole Indians raided American settlements) 1. Gen. Andrew Jackson chased Seminoles into E. Fla, seized Spanish forts: raised U.S. flags b. Monroe issued an ultimatum, (a demand with serious consequences) to Spain- either govern Fla. properly or sell to US 1 Spain cedes Fla to U.S in 1819

. Spain cedes Florida to U.S. for 5 million. Established the border between U.S. and Spanish territory in West ADAMS-ONIS TREATY 1819

3. Monroe Doctrine – 1823 a. Independence in Latin America- many countries revolt against Spain b. Mexico wins freedom from Spain in 1821 c. U.S. grants diplomatic recognition ( official acknowledgement) of new countries d. Spain plans to retake a ll those countries 1. Monroe, backed by Britain, issues a strong warning, known as the Monroe Doctrine

MAJOR PLAYERS JAMES MONROEHENRY CLAY ANDREW JACKSONJOHN QUINCY ADAMS

a. U.S. would not interfere with the internal concerns of any European nation, BUT, the American continents are NO LONGER to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European countries. b. In other words, we leave you alone; you leave us alone c. SIGNIFICANCE: Doctrine used by future presidents to keep other countries out of North and South America

James Monroe issued warning to European nations : 'U. S. will stay out of European affairs, Europe stay out of the America's affairs” Significance: Future presidents repeated the language of the doctrine to keep Europe out of the Americas. MONROE DOCTRINE

c. “Favorite Sons” Election of 1824 & Sectionalism 1.candidates (all Demo-Republicans) were favored by different regions a. John Quincy Adams –Northeast b. William Crawford –South c. Andrew Jackson –Southwest d. Henry Clay –West 2. House of Representatives had to decide because no clear majority a. Clay and Crawford drop out of race b. J Q Adams vs. Andrew Jackson 1. Clay backs J.Q. Adams, who wins though Jackson gets most votes

2. “corrupt bargain” rumors a. Adams makes Clay Secretary of State b. anonymous letter was sent saying Clay was given position because he supported Adams 2. John Quincy Adam’s Administration( ) a. Era of Hard Feelings (rise of sectionalism) due to this election b. New Political Parties 1. National Republican Party -supporters of Adams/Clay formed 2. Democratic Party were supporters of Jackson a. they were determined not to let Adams win the next election

c. Tariff of Abominations protective tariff passed by Congress a. designed to protect industry in northern USA b. Southerners hated it because: 1. they would have to pay higher prices on goods their region did not produce 2. it reduced import of British goods which made it hard for British to pay for cotton from South 2. Adams signs it reluctantly –costs him reelection