Understanding the Criminal Justice System CJUS 101: Chapter 10 Sentencing, Appellate Review, and the Penalty of Death

Sentence 1.Sentencing objectives a. Retribution - eye for an eye - eye for an eye - punishment to fit the crime - punishment to fit the crime b. Vengeance - desire to punish - desire to punish - satisfaction / revenge - satisfaction / revenge c. Incapacitation

Sentence - removal of offender - to restrain / incapacitate d. Deterrence - prevention of crime - “3 strikes” e.Rehabilitation - change offender’s behavior - education / training - behavior modification

Sentence e. Restoration - victim compensation - paying victim or family 2.Sentencing - court / jury a. Statutory sentencing - follows state laws / guidelines - follows state laws / guidelines b. Judicial sentencing

Sentencing - after trial judge issues sentence c. Jury sentencing - capital crimes - new or same jury (1) Penalties - county time - state time - fines - restitution

Sentencing 3.Types of sentencing a. Indeterminate - sets minimum and maximum time - sets minimum and maximum time - 3 to 5 years in prison - 3 to 5 years in prison b. Determinate - fixed period of time - fixed period of time - set by legislature - set by legislature c. Definite

Sentencing - fixed period with no parole d. Intermittent - certain times of incarceration - set days / weekends e. Mandatory - specific sentence - specific crime 3.Process

Sentencing a. Pre-sentence report - prepared by probation / parole b. Sentencing hearing - prosecution / defense - family / friends speak out (1) Allocution - right of accused to speak (2) Asks for leniency / forgiveness

Sentencing d. Imposition of sentence - judge will sentence - can revoke bail (1) Convicted for more than one crime: (a) Concurrent sentence - all sentences run together (b) Consecutive sentence - sentence run one after the other

Sentencing 4.Death sentence t0 1977: unconstitutional a. Methods used - gas chamber / electric chair / firing squad - gas chamber / electric chair / firing squad - hanging / lethal injection - hanging / lethal injection b. Death penalty debate - positive vs. negative aspects - positive vs. negative aspects (1) Pro (1) Pro

Sentence - more economical - community protection - deterrence - CJS equity - society’s desire (2) Negative - retribution - irreversible - discrimination - brutalization / cruel and unusual

Sentence 5.Right to appeal - automatic appeal to state high court - appeal into federal court system - US Supreme Court: only if violation of constitutional rights constitutional rights