Why were the 1920’s “roaring”

THE ROARING TIMES

WHY WERE PEOPLE HAPPY? The end of Prohibition Urbanization Sports New roles for women New culture New technologies !

THE END OF PROHIBITION Between 1915 and 1917 every province except Quebec passed prohibition laws. This meant the law banning the sale or possession of alcohol except for religious or medical purposes

URBANIZATION, EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT

URBANIZATION, EMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION ¾ of all factory jobs in Canada were held by men in Girls education prepared them to work as secretaries, telephone switchboard operators, sales clerks, managers. Expansion of large department stores allowed jobs for women. About a third of students went on to attend high school for two or more years Gasoline powered farm machinery slowly replaced much of the human labour required on farms Less work was available on rural areas Most people moved to cities to find jobs Thus, Canada's population shifted from rural to urban Urbanization : taking the characteristics of cities

SPORTS

More leisure time to tune into sporting events People in cities could even attend games nearby Lionel Conacher was was the most popular hero o the day –won Stanley Cups in 1930’s

CHANGING ROLES FOR WOMEN

 Were women even allowed to play sports?

WOMEN IN SPORTS

1928 Olympics marked Canada’s best Olympic track and field Women competed for the first time ever and ranked highest in the world They set 2 new world records

 Women were becoming more independent and achieving greater freedoms (right to vote, more employment) WOMEN IN SCHOOL

THE FAMOUS FIVE  The Famous Five – led the fight for women's rights – wanted to have women declared “persons” too. 1. Emily Murphy, 2. Nellie McClung, 3. Louise McKinney, 4. Irene Parlby, 5. Henrietta Muir Edwards

THE PERSONS CASE Canada’s laws were based on the British North America Act of 1867

 Many women entered the workplace as nurses, teachers, librarians, & secretaries.  However, women earned less than men and were kept out of many traditional male jobs NEW ROLES FOR WOMEN

NEW CULTURE

NEW FASHION During the 1920s, a new ideal emerged for some women: the Flapper A Flapper was an emancipated young woman who embraced the new fashions and urban attitudes Drove cars Charleston dance Smoked cigarettes Wore straight dresses Too much make up

ENTERTAINMENT People wanted to forget the war and have some fun Dances like the Charleston were all the rage Jazz was also very popular

MOVIES The silent film industry made instant stars out of celebrities like Greta Garbo and Charlie Chaplin In 1927, the first talking picture came out; “The Jazz Singer” starring Al Jolson

FAMOUS PEOPLE Mary Pickford was a major movie star during the 1920s and 1930s. Born in Toronto, she was actually known as “America’s Sweetheart”. She was the first woman to make over $ 1 Million per year in Hollywood. Together with Charlie Chaplin and her husband Douglas Fairbanks she created United Artists; a massive film recording business

NEW INVENTIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES

TELEPHONE Alexander Graham Bell By the 1920s, only 1 in 4 families had a telephone However, by 1929, 3 out of 4 Families had a telephone Brought people together

RADIO Although print media was popular, radio was the most powerful communications medium to emerge in the 1920s News was delivered faster and to a larger audience Ted Rogers invented alternating current radio –it could be plugged in [more affordable] More than 80% of shows were from America

THE AIRPLANE Dec 17 th, 1903, the Wright Brothers perform the first successful flight of an Airplane at Kitty Hawk, NC. USA. Useful during WWI Career as “bush pilots”

THE AUTOMOBILE In 1893, Henry Ford built his first car By 1908, he built his first “production car”; the “Model T” This car was also known as the “Tin Lizzie”

… Very expensive to build and as a result, Ford invented the “Assembly line” It allowed the car to be mass produced quickly and efficiently dramatically decreasing its cost Canada and the United States reacted to the invention of the car by building roads, gas stations, parking lots and drive in motels

MEDICINE Before the 1920s, millions of people around the world had died from Diabetes In 1921, Frederick Banting produced insulin that successfully controlled diabetes in dogs In 1922, a 14 year old boy was the first patient to be injected with insulin. Insulin was is not a cure. However, it controls diabetes and thus extends the life of those who have the disease.

FREDERICK BANTING VIDEO