22.The free nerve endings illustrated for cold are classified as: 21. Sensory receptors illustrated are specialized to respond to changes in their environment called: A. stimuli B. motor activity C. perception activity D. integration 22.The free nerve endings illustrated for cold are classified as: A. Nociceptors B. Photoreceptors C. Thermoreceptors D. Chemoreceptors

23.Within a nerve, each axon is surrounded by endoneurium, a delicate layer of loose connective tissue that also encloses the fiber’s associated myelin or neurilemma sheath. Groups of fibers are bound into bundles called: A. fascicle B. perineurium C. epineurium D. sheath 24. Mature neurons do not divide. If damage to a neuron occurs to the axon and the cell body remains intact, cut or compressed axons can: A. regenerate. B. never regenerate.

25.The diagram illustrates successful axon regeneration in a peripheral nerve but if the cell body was damaged the regeneration would be: A. just as successful B. more rapid C. less successful D. preceded by meiotic division 26.If this damaged was in the CNS it would have been viewed as irreversible because: A. less macrophage invasion of the damaged tissue B. secondary demyelination happens C. CNS is soaked with growth-inhibiting proteins D. all are correct

27.Dentists desensitize upper and lower jaws by injecting local anesthetic (Novocain) into alveolar branches of maxillary and mandibular divisions of the cranial nerve: A. Trigeminal B. Facial C. Glossopharyngeal D. Hypoglossal 28.Piercing anywhere in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue could effect the following Cranial Nerve involved in taste:

29.Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves, each containing thousands of nerve fibers, arise from the spinal cord and supply all parts of the body except the: A. hand and feet B. arms and legs C. head and some areas of the neck D. chest and abdomen 30. Thirty-one pairs of mixed spinal nerves arise from the spinal cord and are named according to their point of issue: A. from the brain B. to the brain C. to the spinal cord D. from the spinal cord

31.Striking the “funny bone”-- the spot where a nerve rests against the medial epicondyle of the elbow region—causes tingling of the fingers. The nerve that has been compressed is the: A. ulnar B. radial C. median D. musculocutaneous

32.The largest branch of the Sacral Plexus that supplies nearly the entire lower limb except the anteromedial thigh is the: A. tibial nerve B. fibular nerve C. pudendal nerve D. sciatic nerve

33.Damage to the Pudendal nerve could have the following effect on: A. penis erection B. defecation C. voluntary urination D. clitoris erection E. all are possible

34.All Spinal nerves participate in dermatomes (area of skin innervated by the cutaneous branches of spinal nerves) except: A. C1 B. T1 C. L1 D. S1

35.What muscle must contract in order for the leg to jerk up in diagram (b)? A. Quadriceps B. Hamstring

36.The somatic nervous system stimulates skeletal muscles, while the autonomic nervous system (ANS) innervates: A. cardiac muscle B. smooth muscles C. glands D. all are correct

37.According to the chart, the somatic nervous system only is involved with skeletal muscle (T-F) 38. Axons of somatic motor neurons extend from the CNS to their effectors (skeletal muscle cells). These axons are typically: A. lightly myelinated B. heavily myelinated C. unmyelinated D. all are possible

39.In the Autonomic Nervous System preganglionic axons are lightly myelinated and the postganglionic axons are: A. lightly myelinated B. heavily myelinated C. unmyelinated D. all are possible 40.All parasympathetic postganglionic fibers of the Autonomic Nervous system release acetylcholine. (T-F)

41.Which Division of the Autonomic Nervous System is represented by “A”: A. Parasympathetic B. Sympathetic 42.Which Division of the Autonomic Nervous System is represented by “B”: 43.All the ganglia of which system tends to lie close to the spinal cord?

44.The vagus nerve of the Parasympathetic System: A. increases heart rate B. decreases heart rate 45.Vagus branches to the abdominal organs stimulate the small intestine to: A. increase mobility B. decrease mobility

46Since the Sympathetic System is involved with the adrenal gland it may be referred to as the “Fight-or-flight” system. (T-F) 47.The Sympathetic System is involved in stimulating our salivary glands making our mouth: A. wet and moist B. parched and dry

49.Pain in the right hip area could be an appendicitis. (T-F) 48.The diagram illustrates referred pain in which pain stimuli arising in the viscera is perceived as somatic in origin. For example, pain in the superior thoracic wall and along the medial aspect of what arm could indicate a heart attack? A. right B. left 49.Pain in the right hip area could be an appendicitis. (T-F)

50. The region of the brain that stands at the top of the control hierarchy as the integrator of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) activity is the: A. brain stem B. hypothalamus C. spinal cord D. cerebral cortex