ENGLAND COMES TO NORTH AMERICA. COMPETITION Reasons for exploration:3 G’s= Gold. God and Glory For power and glory If England was first to establish permanent.

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Presentation transcript:

ENGLAND COMES TO NORTH AMERICA

COMPETITION Reasons for exploration:3 G’s= Gold. God and Glory For power and glory If England was first to establish permanent colonies, they would win out over rival countries for land in North America

ECONOMIC GAIN  England was too small to have enough natural resources  Mercantilism  Trade policy to make a nation self- sufficient and wealthy  Colonists were to provide raw materials to Great Britain who then turned the raw materials into manufactured goods to sell  James Town  1607 England’s 1 st permanent settlement in the New World  Named for King James I (yes, the one from Bible fame)

CHARITY Poverty problems in England Need homes for the poor, unemployed, and homeless Problem with begging and criminals because of poverty Too many criminals and they needed more jail space, debtors prison

RELIGIOUS FREEDOM Puritans Wanted to change the Church of England because they disagreed with it Separatists Wanted to break away from the Church of England and start a new church. Pilgrims Group of separatists who sailed on the Mayflower (1617) started the Massachusetts Bay Colony

SO HOW DID THE GEORGIA COLONY START?

BUFFER Charles Town 1 st settlement in Carolina Named for King Charles II England wanted a colony to protect the Carolinas from the Spanish in Florida the French in the Mississippi River valley Indians everywhere

ECONOMICS Oglethorpe promised Great Britain raw materials such as silk, cotton dyes, wine, spices, and semitropical fruit.

SEVERAL MAJOR ATTEMPTS Sir Robert Montgomery (1717) “Margravate of Azilia” Most delightful country of the universe John Barnwell (1721) Built Fort King George Abandoned because of climate, sickness, and insects Jean Pierre Purry Did not create a colony Came up with the names “Georgine” and “Georgia” (in honor of King George II)

JAMES OGLETHORPE A well-educated and wealthy member of Parliament His lawyer friend Robert Castell had been jailed because of debt, contracted small pox and died. Oglethorpe worked to get laws passed to improve prison conditions and to let many debtors go free.

PROBLEMS Simply letting the poor out of prison did not help them. no jobs could not pay debts (because of no job) many were homeless and turned to begging or even criminal acts

SOLUTION (REMEMBER CHARITY?) Dr. Thomas Bray Clergyman proposed a colony to help the poor He died before his ideas could be acted on.

JAMES OGLETHORPE HAS A PLAN. He along with John Percival and 19 others requested land SW of South Carolina for poor but worthy people. In 1732 King George II signed a charter (document granting rights and privileges) for the colony of Georgia.

COLONIAL GEORGIA

CHARTER OF 1732

6000 words Trustees responsibilities Could not own land Could not hold political office Could not get paid Must only pass laws approved by the King Used regulations instead of laws No governor in Georgia

WHO WAS EXCLUDED? Slaves Trustees thought slavery was immoral and would make colonists lazy. Lawyers Colonists were expected to handle disputes or turn them over to the trustees.

WHO WAS EXCLUDED? Catholics Florida was Catholic and the Spanish were a threat. Spain offered freedom to all slaves who could escape to FL and convert to Catholicism. Alcohol distributors They were not part of a model society Rum and hard liquor were illegal They wanted people to work hard, not drink.

WHO WAS EXCLUDED? Debtors Trustees were afraid that they were not hard workers. Criminals Trustees did not want any problems – especially crime

MODEL SOCIETY The goal of the trustees was to create a “model” society. Strict rules on land and work Carefully selected colonists Trustees raised the money

Colonist Responsibilities 1.Defend colony against enemies 2.Clear land 3.Raise crops/mulberry trees 4.Build houses/public structures 5.Follow trustees’ rules Colonist Benefits 1.Free passage on ship – Ann 2.Land (could not be sold) 3.Weapons 4.Seeds and tools for building and farming 5.Food until 1 st harvest

RESTRICTIONS 1.No slavery 2.No rum or hard liquor 3.Limits on land ownership – to prevent a rich upper class Charity – town lot plus 50 acres (45 in country, 5 at edge of town Paid – same as charity plus 50 acres for every servant brought (up to 500 acres)