KOREAN AMERICANS ETHN 113 – Week 8 Session 1

Last Session  Discuss your community issue with peers.  Brainstorm in groups support for Thesis 2a

Today  Discuss Girl in Translation  Introduce Midterm Thesis 2b and brainstorm support for this expanded thesis.

Girl In Translation Discussion Questions  What communities are shaping Kimberly’s lived experience?  How do the demographic compositions of these communities seem to be shaping (affirming/challenging/confusing) Kimberly’s sense of self with regards to race and ethnicity? Gender? Socioeconomic status?  How does traversing these communities magnify differences in values, traditions, and customs among different groups?  How are opportunities and impediments rooted in communities?  How is privilege maintained via community structures?  How does Kimberly resist these structures?  What argument or arguments does Kwok seem to be making about the immigrant experience in the United States? How does she appear to use the lens of “community” to make this case?

Midterm Thesis 2b  API communities, like those of many non-dominant groups, are shaped by both overt and covert forms of discrimination. Some forms of discrimination directly protected material wealth and economic opportunity of the dominant culture. Other forms contributed to an racial ideology of APIs as “perpetual foreigners,” images that often justified unfair treatment.

Crosscutting Themes Chinese AmericansJapanese AmericansFilipino AmericansSouth Asian AmericansKorean Americans Immigrant Populations Sojourner immigrants, Chinese Women Poor from rural areas and Ryokyu Islands Pensionados, agricultural workers, young men (pre- 1940s) Sojourner immigrants, Punjabi, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Majority men Whole families, War Brides, First, second and third waves Settlement Patterns Pacific Coast: California San Francisco Pacific Coast, Hawaii, California San Francisco Morro Bay, Hawaii, Pacific coast, Stockton Mainly Western US but dispursed Northern Sacramento Valley Hawaii, California Early Waves: urban; Third wave: suburban LA county; South Central LA; Dispersed settlement Factors that influenced Immigration (Push-Pull) Gold Rush, Fall of SaigonExclusion of Chinese, Agriculture, Railroads, and domestic work Pensionados, Spanish- American War, Economic and social changes in the Philippines; Letters and Photos 1946 Act Railroads Immigration Act of 1965 Japanese Occupation of Korea Korean War Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1965 LaborAgriculture, WWII economy Railroads Domestic Services (Laundries) Agriculture, Railroads, and domestic work Hawaii Sugar Plantation Association Gujuarato, Dalip Singh Saund, Post-1965: skilled, technical, management, highly educated Agriculture Family business model Country of Origin’s Relationship with US Government Immigration Act of 1965, The Good Earth, Arrival of Chinese Women, Ping Pong Diplomacy Gentlemen’s Agreement, Meiji Revolution, Attack on Pearl Harbor US Imperialism, Philippine American War British Colonization, 9/11Treaty at Chamulpo Korean War Student refugees Exclusion, Surveillance, and Discrimination Foreign Miner’s Tax Chinese Exclusion Act Ordinances on Living and Labor Conditions, Cold War, Hiram Fong, FOB/ABC, Dr. Wen Ho Lee San Francisco School Board incident, Anti- miscegenation laws, restrictive covenants, Alien Land Act (1913 and 1920), CWIRC/Exec Order 9066 Anti-miscegenation lawsThind Case Alien Land Act (1920) Hemet Valley Incident Language Gap Familiarity with institutions Riots of 1992 Community Institutions Family Associations, Paper Sons Six Companies Native Sons of the Golden State, levels of education Japanese Association of America, Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) Regional organizationsIndian League of America, Gadar Movement Family Christian Church Presbyterianism Family business model Cultural representations of the racialized “other” Yellow Peril, Model Minorities, Tiananmen Square The second generation Japanese Problem, Yellow Peril, Scientific racism/social Darwinism Letters and Photos, America is In the Heart Terrorists—”Least Desirable Race” M*A*S*H* Movie, Falling Down Riots of 1992 Generations and Acculturation Native Sons of the Golden State, FOBs ABCs Issei, Nisei, Sanseil; redress Immigration Act of 1965Intergenerational differences “Knee high”/1.5 generation

Next Session  Blog entry on two independently selected sources.  Read your classmates Community Issue pages. Identify people who are working on similar works as you.