Cloud Computing: A Public and Private place to Access Unlimited Academic Possibilities

In 1965, Executive from Western Union articulated the company's ambitious plan to create "a nationwide information utility, which will enable subscribers to obtain, economically, efficiently, immediately, the required information flow to facilitate the conduct of business and other affairs.“ In the Mid 1990’s Stanford graduate Stephen Herrod and other classmates wanted to address a major problem that plagued the IT industry: most servers operating at a tenth of their capacity. Amazon EC2: Jeff Bezos was the lead thinker Google App Engine: Page and Brin were the lead thinkers Microsoft: Azure Bill Gates was the lead thinker

What is Cloud Computing? Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Originally, cloud computing was intended to serve audiences such as: governments, corporations, educational organizations, Healthcare Industry and many other companies are utilizing cloud computing services.

How can the Cloud benefit your College? Software as a service (SaaS)

Benefits of the Cloud for Students Software applications and other online resources are available for use by multiple users via the Internet. Students hardware requirements are lower. Reduces cost to access education for students. Ensures students are able to access and run course software regardless of their location or computer processing power. Provides access to education for students in remote and rural areas. Offers students flexibility by enrolling in online learning programs.

Benefits for your Community College Expand online academic program offerings. Enhanced usefulness of existing technology. Older computers can remain useful for longer periods of time. Installing software or repairing errors can be done centrally at the server level by college Information Technology department. Reduction in college Information Technology budgets. This distributed management system will assist support staff with efficiencies which will reduce workload. By offering more online courses more classroom space will be available.

Challenges with Cloud Computing Security and Privacy Issues Interoperability and Reliability issues Data Governance Loss of Informational Technology control Jurisdictional complexities Unforeseen server maintenance and outages issues Lack of training and support for instructors, administrators and Information Technology professionals

Innovators: 2.5% 1990 R&D: Ian Foster Carl Kresselman, Steve Tuecke Grid computing 1996: The Great Internet Mersenne Prime Research Project 1999: use of centralized servers with personal computers Early Adopters: 13.5% 2004 Defense Contractors, Military, Government, Software companies, Corporate Organizations, and Universities Early Majorities: 34% 2006 Small business startups, Professional Sales, Limited home users Late Majority: 34% Laggards: 18% Reference : Atencuio, A. (2010). Cloud computing (part 4): Business and Ecosystems and Value Capture. Retrieved at: sdm2009.blogspot.com/search?q=cloud+co mputing 100% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% S-Curve

Cloud Computing Activities by Age Cohorts Use such as: Gmail, Hotmail, and yahoo 77%58%44%27% Store Personal Photos Use online applications such as Google documents or Adobe photo shop express Store Personal Videos14652 Pay to store computer files online 9453 Back up hard drive to an online site 7554 Have performed at least one activity 87%71%59%46% Have performed at least two activities Source: Pew Internet and American Life Project April-May 2008 Survey. N+1,553 Internet users. Margin of error is +-3% Age Cohort groups that currently use cloud applications

Cloud Computing Adoption and Position projections across typical user groups

Innovators and early adopters: President of the college Vice President of Student Services Vice President of Academic Affairs Strategies to pursue Adoption Relative advantage: Decrease Information Technology costs, anytime and anywhere access, cost based on usage, expand online course programming, and be viewed with innovator status Compatibility: provide full service access for students in rural and remote areas Trialability: have the option to try cloud services for software as a service (student , etc.) Visibility: Allows initial non-adopters to see how the cloud can be easily used and maintained

Laggards are those employees that are resistant to any type of change regardless of the innovation, and those employees that feel their job may be eliminated because of the lack of need for IT staff Compatibility: provide full service access for employees from any distant location Trialability: have the option to try cloud services for software as a service (access work and documents from anywhere) Visibility: Allows laggards to see how the cloud can be easily used and maintained

Combined Attributes to Meet Critical Mass in Higher Education Relative Advantage: Focus on economic and academic advantages Compatibility: College mission : focus on our mission to cut spending and offer more expansive distance education programming Trialability: Ability to try to services for students and the campus Visibility: focus on the fiscal savings and benefits from both lower IT costs and additional revenue from distance education programming. Ease of use and seamless transition