Holography Jeremy Ritter Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin

Overview Demonstrate ◦Coherence ◦Interference Create Holograms ◦Holographic Camera ◦Developing

Dennis Gabor Born 1900 ◦Budapest, Hungary Holography research ◦Electron Microscope Nobel Prize ◦1971

Coherence Temporal Coherence ◦Single frequency Spatial Coherence ◦Constant amplitude Coherence length ◦Length over which the phase and amplitude of wavefronts does not change significantly

Interference Superposition Relative phase Interference pattern

Laser First working laser ◦Maiman, 1960 Coherent ◦A few centimeters up to kilometers First laser holograms ◦Leith and Upatnieks, 1963

Transmission Hologram Beams on the same side of the hologram Emulsion lines up perpendicular to plane

Reflection Hologram Beams on opposite sides of the hologram Emulsion lines up parallel to the plane

Vibration Stability Isolation Table ◦Solid marble base ◦Steel optical isolation table Optical instruments ◦Notched posts ◦Secured at multiple points Even small vibrations can destroy a hologram

Laser Specifications Uniphase ◦Helium-Neon(HeNe) gas laser ◦633nm median wavelength ◦5mW maximum output power ◦30cm approximate coherence length

JD-4 Developer Part A ChemicalQuantity Metol (p-Methylaminophenol sulfate)2g Ascorbic Acid (powder)12.5g Distilled Water500mL Part B ChemicalQuantity Sodium Carbonate, Anhydrous35g Sodium Hydroxide7.5g Distilled Water500mL Bleach ChemicalQuantity Copper Sulfate, Pentahydrate17.5g Potassium Bromide50g Sodium Bisulfate, Monohydrate2.5g Distilled Water500mL

Developing TraySolutionMethod 1Distilled WaterSoak, 30s 2A+B DeveloperAgitate until black, 30s 3Distilled WaterRinse, 60s 4BleachAgitate until clear, 30s 5Distilled WaterRinse, 60s 6PhotoFloSoak, 30s

Camera Configuration 1

Camera Configuration 2

Exposure Results

Conclusions Vibration control ◦Secure optical instruments ◦Better plate holder Supplies ◦Adequate developing solution ◦New photographic plates

Applications of Holography

References