Take out the following 1.FN: WWII The War Abroad and The US Homefront 2.TN: 10-3 Victory in Europe and the Pacific Warm-Up Go to page 339 in your textbook. Read the excerpt from the “Four Freedom’s” Speech given by FDR on January 6, 194. Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each. 1.What are the four freedoms? 2.How do you think an Isolationist would respond to Roosevelt’s Speech? US History Week 6

TITLE PAGE SET UP Standard 11.7 – Students analyze America’s participation in WWII Examine the origins of American involvement in the war, with an emphasis on the events that precipitated the attack on Pearl Harbor Explain the US and Allied wartime strategy, including the major battles of Midway, Normandy, Iwo Jima, Okinawa and the Battle of the Bulge Identify the roles and sacrifices of individual American soldiers, as well as the unique contributions of the special fighting forces (ex: Tuskegee Airmen, the 442 nd Regimental Combat team, Navajo Code Talkers) Analyze Roosevelt's foreign policy during WWII Discuss the constitutional issues and impact of events on the US home front, including the internment of Japanese Americans and the restrictions on German and Italian resident alien; the response of the administration to Hitler's atrocities against the Jews and other groups, the roles of women in military production; and the roles and growing political demands of African Americans Describe major developments in aviation, weaponry, communication, and medicine and the wars impact of American industry and use of resources Discuss the decision to drop atomic bombs and the consequences of the decision Analyze the effect of massive aid given to Western Europe

WORLD WAR II The War Abroad and the US Homefront Chapters 10 and 11 Essential Question: 1.What were the causes of WWII? 2.What are two ways that US involvement in War impacted the American’s on the home front? If it is in green you do not have to copy it.

 Militarism  Germany built their military up after Treaty of Versailles  Italy and Japan poured money into defense  French Maginot Line  Alliance  Axis Powers – Germany, Italy and Japan  Allies – France, Britain, USSR and US  Imperialism/expansion  Japan took countries in the pacific  Germany took the Sudetenland  Nationalism  Extreme nationalism

APPEASEMENT

US RESPONSE TO WAR  Isolationism  Neutrality Acts (1935 – 1939)  1939 “Cash and Carry” – sold weapons to countries that paid in full and transported them  Lend Lease Act  Sold weapons to countries whose security was in the best interest of US security  China and Allies

US RESPONSE TO WAR  Slowly began to modernize American Military  American Embargo and Quarantine on Japanese oil and industrial goods  Atlantic Charter – August 1941  General security agreement – signaled US was likely to become involved in WWII

PEARL HARBOR December 7, 1941  Nearly whole Pacific fleet damaged  2,348 Americans killed  More than 1,000 wounded  Roosevelt: “a date which will live in infamy.”  On Dec. 8 Congress declares war

ANOTHER GLOBAL WAR  European Theater  Pacific Theater  War in Mediterranean, North Africa  All of British possessions in India and Australia  Total War

US MOBILIZATION  Office of War Mobilization  Unemployment disappears  US production of goods doubles that ALL other allied nations combined  Office of Price Administration  Rationing of good and gas  Kept prices down  War Productions Board, 1942  FDR’s “Arsenal of democracy”  2.6 million machine guns  86,000 tanks  76,000 ships (one in 4 ½ days)  300,000 aircraft

US MOBILIZATION  Selective Service  Draft registration started in 1940  More than 16 million served in the War  1,000,000 African Americans  350,000 Women  300,000 Mexican Americans  25,000 Native Americans  Office of War Information  Radio, print and movies promote the war and the purchase of war bonds  Voice of America broadcasts spread news to foreign allies

JAPANESE AMERICANS (NISEI) Executive Order #9066, 1942 more than 100,000 Japanese immigrants and Japanese-Americans were detained Japanese-Americans were forced to sell (or abandon) their homes and businesses Korematsu vs. United States, 1944 the Supreme Court upheld the law saying it was a “pressing public necessity” this was a battle between personal freedom and national security Reparations in 1988, the government gave $20,000 to surviving internees

JAPANESE AMERICANS (NISEI) 442nd Regimental Combat Team Japanese-Americans were not allowed to enlist until 1943 a segregated unit fought in Italy and became the most decorated unit in Am. history they were not allowed to fight in the Pacific just in case Italian and German-Americans were allowed to serve in Europe about 6,000 Nisei served as translators and interrogators the precursor to the CIA used them for spy missions

AFRICAN AMERICANS A. Phillip Randolph labor leader who got the first major labor contract with a black union in 1937 organized a massive march on DC to protest FDR’s discrimination in the military and government jobs Double V for victory against fascism abroad and discrimination at home Executive Order #8802, 1940 assured fair hiring for all government jobs Racial Violence in Detroit, Michigan 100,00 whites and blacks broke into fights across Michigan 34 people were killed

AFRICAN AMERICANS Congress of Racial Equality, 1942 non-violent protest to fight segregation in the South James Farmar included blacks and whites in this northern organization foundation of the civil rights movement in the 1960s Tuskegee Airmen Tuskegee was a college founded by Booker T. Washington this segregated black fighter squadron flew 1500 escort missions and never lost a single bomber

MEXICAN AMERICANS bracero program the US recruited 100,000s of Mexican workers to come and farm as guest workers the program ended in 1964 following the war many stayed and many were forced out recently the Mexican government gave $3500 to braceros for wages they never got in the 1940s

MEXICAN AMERICANS Zoot Suit Riots, 1943 a fight between off-duty sailors and Mexicans teens in LA escalated fighting occurred over 7days and spilled into black sections of LA 5,000 sailors went downtown on June 7 to fight “zooters” sailors took cabs from as far as San Diego to Mexican parts of town to fight the zoot suit was seen as a waste of resources LA banned wearing zoot suits to keep peace in the city

WOMEN Women’s Army Corps (WAC) 350,000 women in the military the navy had WAVES women largely filled clerical (office) and nursing positions women also drove trucks, taught classes, and did lab work this freed up men to fight 15,000 served abroad and 600 got medals for their service 57,000 nurses went to war

WOMEN Rosie the Riveter symbol of the working woman 6 million went to work (3/4 of all women) 60% were older than 35 most left the workforce after the war the government spent $50 million to build 3,000 day cares showed commitment to supporting women in the workforce 130,000 kids went, most stayed with friends or family long-term this opened up more job opportunities for women