Ch 13-1 Industrial Revolution, a period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production. Industrial Revolution, a period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production. Samuel Slater was a skilled British mechanic formed a partnership with Smith Brown and William Almy Samuel Slater was a skilled British mechanic formed a partnership with Smith Brown and William Almy First textile mill, located in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. First textile mill, located in Pawtucket, Rhode Island.

Eli Whitney -interchangeable parts and cotton gin Eli Whitney -interchangeable parts and cotton gin Interchangeable parts allowed easy assembly and replacement of defective parts Interchangeable parts allowed easy assembly and replacement of defective parts Rhode Island system- Slater’s practice of hiring families Rhode Island system- Slater’s practice of hiring families Transportation Revolution—a period of rapid growth in the speed and convenience of travel Transportation Revolution—a period of rapid growth in the speed and convenience of travel

Steamboats “Clermont” built by Robert Fulton, Aug 9, 1807 traveled up the Hudson River “Clermont” built by Robert Fulton, Aug 9, 1807 traveled up the Hudson River Steamboats was 1 of the first breakthroughs in the Trans. Rev. Steamboats was 1 of the first breakthroughs in the Trans. Rev. By the 1850s steamships could carry people and goods across the ocean By the 1850s steamships could carry people and goods across the ocean Southern farmers relied on the many navigable rivers to transport crops to port cities Southern farmers relied on the many navigable rivers to transport crops to port cities

Railroads Steam trains first developed in Great Britain in early 1800s Steam trains first developed in Great Britain in early 1800s Tom Thumb- built by Peter Cooper, led to 2,800 miles of track being built within 1 st 10 years, 30,000 miles by 1860 Tom Thumb- built by Peter Cooper, led to 2,800 miles of track being built within 1 st 10 years, 30,000 miles by 1860 Railroads allowed competition in national markets, leading to lower consumer prices Railroads allowed competition in national markets, leading to lower consumer prices

Ch 14-King Cotton Ch 14-King Cotton Southerners thought cotton could become a cash crop b/c of the expanding British and U.S. textile industry Southerners thought cotton could become a cash crop b/c of the expanding British and U.S. textile industry As a result of this cotton trade, Charleston, New Orleans and Savannah grew into major port cities As a result of this cotton trade, Charleston, New Orleans and Savannah grew into major port cities Eli Whitney’s cotton gin was the result of his visit to a Georgia Plantation where he learned of the need for such a machine Eli Whitney’s cotton gin was the result of his visit to a Georgia Plantation where he learned of the need for such a machine

The Cotton Gin could quickly remove the seeds from the fibers of short-staple cotton The Cotton Gin could quickly remove the seeds from the fibers of short-staple cotton Cotton Belt- extended from SC to Texas Cotton Belt- extended from SC to Texas By 1860, cotton accounted for more than half of all U.S. exports By 1860, cotton accounted for more than half of all U.S. exports Southern leaders to cotton as “King Cotton” b/c of its importance to the South’s economy Southern leaders to cotton as “King Cotton” b/c of its importance to the South’s economy

Slave trade increased during the early 1800s b/c growing and harvesting cotton required many field hands Slave trade increased during the early 1800s b/c growing and harvesting cotton required many field hands Yeomen were small farmers who generally worked side by side with their slaves Yeomen were small farmers who generally worked side by side with their slaves

Some southerners were concerned b/c growing cotton wore out the soil and made the South too dependent on foreign products Some southerners were concerned b/c growing cotton wore out the soil and made the South too dependent on foreign products Scientific agriculture was the use of scientific techniques to improve crop production Scientific agriculture was the use of scientific techniques to improve crop production

Section 4 Slave traders kidnapped free African Americans and sold them into slavery Slave traders kidnapped free African Americans and sold them into slavery Slaves received poor treatment, food, and clothing Slaves received poor treatment, food, and clothing Teaching slaves to read and write was usually illegal Teaching slaves to read and write was usually illegal

14-4(cont) folktales- stories with a moral, to teach lessons about how to survive under slavery folktales- stories with a moral, to teach lessons about how to survive under slavery spirituals- emotional Christian songs to express their religious beliefs spirituals- emotional Christian songs to express their religious beliefs Nat Turners Rebellion- led by a former slave who believed GOD called on him to end slavery- (60 whites/100 slave killed) Nat Turners Rebellion- led by a former slave who believed GOD called on him to end slavery- (60 whites/100 slave killed)