Wake-up 1.What process is responsible for creating the gel below? 2.Who is guilty? Explain how you know. 3.Which fragments will be at the bottom of a gel: large or small fragments?

Human Genome Project Christopherson

What is a Genome? The complete set of genetic material of an organism

Review DNA and Gene A gene is a portion of DNA that codes for a trait Example: We have a gene for tongue rolling

Pre-Notes Questions In what year was the human genome sequence completed? How different is your genome from Ms. Chris’s? (Give a percent) How many genes do humans have?

What is the Human Genome Project 13 year project started in 1990 The goal was to determine the sequence of the 3 billion base pairs (A,T,G,C) in human DNA

Genomes in a human Cells in a human body Chromosomes in a human cell Genes in a human genome What was Found? Trillion 46 20,500

How was it done? 1.Each chromosome (one from a homologous pair) was broken into a set of overlapping pieces. 2.Machines read the order of the letters (DNA sequence) in each piece 3.Computers reconstruct the order of letters in the complete chromosomes

Benefits of the Human Genome Project 1.Improve diagnosis of diseases and help with early detection of genetic disorders

2.Gene Therapy -Swapping an abnormal gene for a normal one -Repairing an abnormal gene

3. Help create disease, insect, drought resistant, and more nutritious plants