GLG310 Structural Geology. Physical character of faults 5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology

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Presentation transcript:

GLG310 Structural Geology

Physical character of faults 5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology

Fault surfaces 5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology

Physical character of faults Woodcock and Mort, 2008

Breccia Photomicrograph of fault breccia in the Antietam Formation, Blue Ridge province. Breccias form when rocks are extensively fractured in fault zones and are cemented together when minerals precipitate in the cracks and fractures. Note the angular fragments (fr) of quartz sandstone in a matrix of fine-grained iron oxide cement (ic). Field of View 4 x 2.7 mm, Cross Polarized Light.

Woodcock and Mort, 2008

5 March

5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology Gouge along fault zone is more easily eroded

5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology

SAFOD: hole and core

5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology The word "pseudotachylite" was coined early in the 1900s to name a peculiar glassy rock that looks sort of like tachylite but isn't. Tachylite ("TAK-a-lite") is a basaltic glass A psuedotachylite is a frictionally generated melt rock

5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology A psuedotachylite is a frictionally generated melt rock --formed by fault slip, but also impacts

5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology Mylonite is a rock formed during shear with ductile mineral behavior (quartz), grainsize reduction (feldspar), and some grain growth

5 March 2016GLG310 Structural Geology