Functional Analysis Sociology. 3 Major Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Symbolic Interactionism Functional Analysis Conflict Theory.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Founders and Pioneers of Sociology
Advertisements

Are there Aliens in Pine Bush? List three (3) possible explanations for this local issue.
Sociology: Then and Now Pages 9-17
The functionalist perspective of crime and Deviance Learning objective: To understand the functionalist perspective of crime and deviance.
The Social Sciences: Sociology
What is Sociology? Family Sociology
Examining Social Life Chapter 1 – Section 1.
An Invitation to Sociology
Sociological Perspectives
Theoretical Perspectives What are Theoretical Perspectives and How are they Useful?
Structural functionalism
Warm it up… What is the Sociological Perspective? Factors that led to development of Sociology as a discipline… (remember your hand gestures)
Chapter 1 section 2. Theories & perspectives…  A THEORY is an explanation of how something works.  A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE is a general set of assumptions.
Structural Functionalism. Basics Macro-level analysis (big picture) Predominantly European Classic theory ( ) Leading Sociologists – Comte, Durkheim,
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES Unit 1 – Chapter 2. What is a Theoretical Perspective?
WHY? Family School Sports Church. Structural Functional They look at the needs which must be met for a social system to exist, as well as the ways in.
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES The Sociological Perspectives  The Structural/Functional Perspective  The Conflict Perspective  Symbolic/Interactionist Perspective.
Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
The Sociological Point of View
Social Problems.
Sociological Theories. A GENERAL STATEMENT ABOUT HOW PARTS OF THE WORLD FIT TOGETHER AND HOW THEY WORK AN EXPLANATION OF HOW TWO OR MORE “FACTS” ARE RELATED.
McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 The Sociological Perspective SOCIOLOGY part 1.
Sociology: Today’s Agenda the clock is ticking ‘til test day! The Sociological Perspective & BINGO! Bingo is across, down, or diagonal!
10/11/2015 Sociological Theory Family Sociology Montclair State University.
Social Theory It’s an elephant!. What is Theory? A system of orienting ideas, concepts, and relationships that provides a way of organizing the observable.
Montclair State University 10/12/2015. Sociological Inquiry Families do not exist or evolve in isolation Rather, they react to and have an influence on.
Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology.
Chapter 11 Families and Intimate Relationships Families in Global Perspective Theoretical Perspectives on Families Developing Intimate Relationships and.
Theoretical Perspectives. Current Perspectives A theoretical perspective, or a school of thought, is a general set of assumptions about the nature of.
Theoretical Perspectives. Current Perspectives A theoretical perspective, or a school of thought, is a general set of assumptions about the nature of.
Functionalist Theory Powerpoint: Connor Whitworth.
The Sociological Point of View Current Perspectives Pgs
SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e SOCIOLOGY Chapter One: The Sociological Perspective This multimedia product and its contents are protected under.
3 Sociological Perspectives. Functionalist Perspective View of Society Society is made up of parts (like a body) When all parts work, society runs smoothly.
+ Introduction to Sociology 1.1 – The Basics of Sociology.
Mind map the words you associate or identify with FAMILY
+ Social Theories Functionalism. Functionalists believe that everything and everybody in society has a ROLE (a function) that makes society to run smoothly.
Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives
Theoretical Perspectives Chapter 1, section 3. Theoretical Perspective A set of assumptions accepted as true. A set of assumptions accepted as true. 1.
Unit One Sociological Theory in the Classroom HSP3M Ms. Dana Dray.
Happy Tuesday!!!! Take out your articles and questions sheet We are going to discuss what you read as a class.
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES Chapter 1. Theories  Theory:  A general statement about how parts of the world fit together and how they work  An explanation.
SOCIOLOGY INTRODUCTION Section 2 of Chapter 1. Review Slide (Sect 1- Slide 1) What Sociology IS  Sociology – Social Science of human society and social.
MACRO SOCIOLOGY. Macro Sociology: those theoretical approaches to the study of human behaviour that explain phenomena from the vantage point of the whole.
Families and Intimate Relationships
Sociology.
SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION LECTURE TWO 5/25/2016 1:21 PM.
MR. CALVERT NORTH HIGH SCHOOL Sociology: Sociology Then and Now.
Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Symbolic Interactionism Functional Analysis Conflict Theory.
Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives  Contemporary sociologists view society from a variety of perspectives, each of which uses a theory.
Chapter 1 The Sociological Perspective. Perspective Perspective – a particular point of view. Example: Babies are usually brighter and better looking.
Theoretical Perspectives of Sociology Ms. Shipp pp
Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Foundations of Sociology Theoretical Paradigms.
McGraw-Hill © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1 SOCIOLOGY Richard T. Schaefer The Family and Intimate Relationships 14.
Unit One Theoretical Assumptions in the Classroom HHS 4M Ms. Dana Dray.
Three Sociological Perspectives
THE STUDY OF SOCIOLOGY… Theories.
Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
Theoretical Perspectives
The Sociological Point of View
Chapter 2 Interpreting Social Problems: Aging Functionalism
Sociology Introduction.
SocialTheories Functionalism
Learning Objectives 1.1 Explain why both history and biography are essential for the sociological perspective 1.2 Trace the origins of sociology, from.
Chapter 11 The Changing Family.
FUNCTIONALISM.
Sociology: Then and Now
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
Modern Perspectives Sociology employs three major theoretical perspectives— functionalism, which focuses on order and stability; conflict, which focuses.
Theoretical Perspectives
Presentation transcript:

Functional Analysis Sociology

3 Major Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Symbolic Interactionism Functional Analysis Conflict Theory

Functional Analysis Society is a whole unit, made up of inter related parts that work together Also known as functionalism or structural functionalism

+ Functionalism: Key Words Institutions: Functionalist analysis looks on social systems as having certain needs, and society as a system of social structures/institutions (economic, legal, educational). If the needs are being met, then it is the social structures that meet these needs. The structures are thus functional in the sense that they help society to operate. Interconnections exist within and among these structures, and individuals and groups are constrained by these structures.

Interdependence – Since society is composed of different parts, and the proper operation of these parts is necessary to the smooth operation of society as a whole, the interdependence of the parts is an important feature of functional analysis. – The roles taken on by people, and the institutions and organizations of society are all interdependent. – A change in any one part affects others, requiring other parts to take account of the changes, modify its actions, and adapt to any changes necessary. – So, dysfunctions can occur in a functional society, however all parts of society will have to adjust and adapt to create a new working/functional society once again.

Interdependence and Equilibrium Functionalism attempts to explain the relationship of different parts of the system to each other, and to the whole. These parts work together in an orderly manner, without great conflict. The different parts are usually in equilibrium, or moving toward equilibrium, with consensus rather than conflict governing the inter-relationships of the various parts. Functionalism: Key Words

+ Macro – The focus is macro-sociological, with institutions and structures existing in the society as a whole. Consensus – Norms and Values – A consensus exists within the social system. – Individual behaviour is governed by social norms(most consistent behaviour in society)or rules that are generally accepted and agreed upon. – These norms and values are consistent with the equilibrium state of society, or normal state of affairs. – There are aspects of these norms that return the society to a normal state of affairs in the case of a disturbance – for example, sanctions, punishment, social approval, and social disapproval.

Functional Analysis Auguste Comte and Herbert Spencer viewed society as a living organism If it is to function, various parts must work together

Robert Merton Dismissed the organic analogy but maintained society is composed of parts that work together Functions keep the group at equilibrium Functions can be manifest or latent – Manifest = intended to help some part of the system Ex. Baby bonus to married couples – Latent = unintended Ex. Baby bonus = increased purchases of baby products

Robert Merton Latent dysfunction – human actions can also hurt a system – Ex. Baby bonus, people have too many children

Applying Functional Analysis to the Increased Divorce Rate 1. Economic Production 1. Prior to industrialization, the family was an economic team. (dependence on each other) 2. Home  Factory = weaker family bonds 3. Husband especially isolated from the family routine

Applying Functional Analysis to the Increased Divorce Rate 2. Socialization of Children 1. Government grows larger and more powerful 2. Schools take away family education & assumed much responsibility for socialization 3. Parents required by law to send children 3. Care of sick and elderly 1. Shift from family concern to government obligation

Applying Functional Analysis to the Increased Divorce Rate 4. Recreation 1. Disposable income = shift from home based, family-centered activities to paid events 5. Sexual control 1. Traditionally only sexual relations within marriage were considered legit (although they did happen) 2. “sexual revolution”/ birth control opened up many alternatives to marital sex

Applying Functional Analysis to the Increased Divorce Rate 6. Reproduction 1. Seemingly untouched – however, greater # of single women are having children 2. Not totally a family decision – married women can get an abortion w/o husband

A Glimpse of the Past Families used to handle many aspects of life and death that we now assign to outside agencies – Ex. Death – death certificate, burial permit, cremation box, cremation, urn, plot of land (if buried)

Summary The fewer functions that family members have in common, the weaker their bond. This bond is necessary to get them through the problems they inevitably experience

Relevance (Advantages) Provides a wide-ranging explanation for many social phenomena Has guided a great deal of valuable research Latter models allow not only for stability, but also for conflict, social change, and power relationships Has contributed useful concepts to the field

Relevance (Disadvantages) An ideal model of society rather than an empirically derived one – Operational definitions are hard to come by At its outset had a tendency to value stability, consensus Cannot explain the existence of societies in the first place

Relevance (Disadvantages) Cannot easily explain rapid social change or breakdown of societies – Social change and social conflict became significant topics in the latter period of functionalist dominance Rests on assumptions that are hard (perhaps impossible) to test Explanations can be tautological

On Your Own List aspects of family life that are now handled by outside agencies.