Network Access for Remote Users Dr John S. Graham ULCC

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Presentation transcript:

Network Access for Remote Users Dr John S. Graham ULCC

Review of Technologies Remote Site –Private Leased Lines Kilostream or Megastream Circuits LES –ISDN –EPS9 –ISP Remote User –Private Dialup Service –ISP

Site-to-Site Private Infrastructure

Traditional Dialup Service  High Costs  Support Burden  Limited to 56K Analogue Dialup  Limited Service Security Guaranteed

Virtual Private Network Highly Flexible Solution Uses Existing Infrastructure  Complex Security Issues

VPN Roadmap

Tunnelling Methods Layer III –GRE –IPSec Layer II –L2F –PPTP –L2TP

Layer 3 Tunnelling (GRE) TCPIPDataGREIP GRE TCPIPData passenger protocol encapsulating protocol carrier protocol

Tunnelling In Action IPGRETCPIPData Source Destination IPGRE TCPIPData

Layer 2 Tunnelling (L2TP) TCPIPDataL2TPUDPIPPPP TCPIPDataL2TPUDPIPPPPESP L2TP L2TP + IPSec TCPIPDataPPP

Layer 2 Tunnelling Modes Compulsory L2 Tunnelling Voluntary L2 Tunnelling

Authentication Peer Identity –Shared Secret –Digital Certificate Data Integrity –Digital Signatures User Identity –Kerberos – RADIUS

IP Security (IPSec) Protocols –Authentication Header –Encapsulating Security Payload –Internet Key Exchange Modes –Tunnel –Transport

IPSec Protocols Sequence Number Authentication Data SPI Next Header Payload Length Reserved Sequence Number SPI Authentication Data Data Next Header Pad Length Pad IV Authentication Header (51) Encapsulating Security Protocol (50)

IPSec Modes Tunnel Mode Transport Mode IPAH/ESPTCPIPDataAH/ESPTCPIPData

Equipment at Remote Site ‘Wires Only’ ADSL Connection –One Static IP Address Splitter Cisco 827H Router –Ethernet hub (4 ports) plus ATM port

Customer Installation

Router Configuration Routing Table NATIPSec Tunnel Dialer A1 A2 B1 B2 B3 Ethernet

IPSec Followed by NAT Immutable fields of outer IP header included in AH protocol’s ICV data. Transport mode IPSec renders TCP/UDP checksums invalid. Multiple incompatibilities between SA parameters and NAT.

Fragmentation Hell