Using the Internet

A Brief History 1969 – ARPANET created by US Govt. to link defense installations with major universities 1972 – First – TCP/IP is developed – MILNET separates from ARPANET Mid 1980s – NSFNET replaces ARPANET 1989 – WWW developed by Tim Berners-Lee

Timeline Continued 1993 – First Web browser, Mosaic 2006 – Over 92 million Websites are online

URL (Uniform Resource Locator) The address of a Web site. Ex:

Parts of a URL ProtocolDomain Name PathFile Name Protocol: method of data transfer; defined by rules http Hypertext Transfer Protocol ftp File Transfer Protocol

Parts of a URL Domain name: identifies the Web server Ex: ProtocolDomain Name PathFile Name

Parts of a URL Path: folder document is stored in Works like the paths (or folders) on your “s number” ProtocolDomain Name PathFile Name

Parts of a URL File name: name of a Website file. Can be any file type including images, sound files, and documents like Word (.doc) and Adobe Reader files (.pdf) ProtocolDomain Name PathFile Name

Domain Suffixes:.com – commercial (for profit) based for business..com – commercial (for profit) based for business..gov - government agency.gov - government agency.mil - military agency.mil - military agency.org - business or independent organization,.org - business or independent organization, usually NOT for profit usually NOT for profit.int - large international organization like NATO.int - large international organization like NATO.net - large organization/network.net - large organization/network.edu - university or other educational facility.edu - university or other educational facility

Adding other initials after the domain identifies the country or country code..uk - United Kingdom.uk - United Kingdom.nz - New Zealand.nz - New Zealand.au - Australia.au - Australia.fr - France.fr - France.jp - Japan.jp - Japan.is - Iceland.is - Iceland.us - United States.us - United States.tv – Tuvalu.tv – Tuvalu.ca - Canada.ca - Canada

DNS (Domain Name Server) Converts Domain Names to IP Addresses Easier to remember the nameEasier to remember the name IP Address format: Ex:

Network Group of devices (computers, printers, PDAs, etc.) connected together. Group of devices (computers, printers, PDAs, etc.) connected together.

Types of Networks 1. Wide Area Network (WAN) Spans a large distanceSpans a large distance 2. Local Area Network (LAN) Within a small geographic areaWithin a small geographic area 3. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Between a WAN and a LAN.Between a WAN and a LAN. Used by Municipalities.Used by Municipalities.

Internet vs. World Wide Web Internet: A huge computer network World Wide Web: All of the documents, video, sound files, etc. on the Internet

Intranet Part of the Internet that is only accessible to a selected group Part of the Internet that is only accessible to a selected group Limited accessLimited access May require a passwordMay require a password

Web page A single file in a Web site.A single file in a Web site. Usually has a.htm or.html file extension.Usually has a.htm or.html file extension.

Web site One or more Web pages organized by a specific company, organization, college or university, government agency, or by an individual. One or more Web pages organized by a specific company, organization, college or university, government agency, or by an individual. Web sites are stored on Web servers. There may be many Web sites and thousands of HTML pages on each Web site.

Default Page The first page that appears when you access a Web site, usually named index.htm or index.html. The first page that appears when you access a Web site, usually named index.htm or index.html. The default page is often referred to as the Home page, or simply “Home”. The default page is often referred to as the Home page, or simply “Home”.

Web Server The computer device that stores Web site files and serves them up to the viewer. The computer device that stores Web site files and serves them up to the viewer.

Browser Software used to convert text files to Web pages. (i.e. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mosaic, Opera and Netscape Navigator) Software used to convert text files to Web pages. (i.e. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mosaic, Opera and Netscape Navigator)

Web Portal A customizable Website that serves as a starting place on the Internet. A customizable Website that serves as a starting place on the Internet. Wikipedia definition Wikipedia definitionWikipedia definitionWikipedia definition Ex: Yahoo and Excite Ex: Yahoo and Excite

Search Engine Computer software, often run through a Web site, that finds Web sites and Web pages. Wikipedia definition Wikipedia definition

Questions?