Pump-Up What factors caused the U.S. to abandon neutrality and enter WWI?

America in WWI

Today’s Vocabulary War Industries Board –Told manufactures what they could produce during WWI. Schench vs. U.S. –Proved that freedom of speech can be limited during times of war.

Raising an Army Selective Service Act –Men between 21 and 30 must register. –Lottery determined who went to war. African American Soldiers –Fought in segregated units. –Most work as laborers.

Doughboys arrive in Europe American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). –Led by General John J. Pershing. Doughboys –Boosted the morale of Allied forces. Convoy system –Transportation ships were surrounded by battle ships for protection.

Bolshevik Revolution Bolsheviks took control of Russia’s gov’t. –Communists Vladimir Lenin withdrew the Russian army from the Eastern Front. –Germany was free to focus on fighting in France.

Liberty Bonds Liberty or Victory Bonds –Help pay for war. –Raised money for the war without taxing citizens.

War Industries Board Bernard Baruch Told manufacturers what they could produce and how much it would cost. –Increased industrial production. –Remaining goods could be used by civilians.

Food Administration Led by Herbert Hoover. Increased crop production and to conserved existing food supplies for the military. “Victory Gardens” “Meatless Mondays” “Wheatless Wednesdays” 18th Amendment –Use wheat to feed troops rather than in alcohol.

Fuel Administration Made sure that the military’s needs for fuel could always be met. –“Heatless Mondays” Daylight Savings Time.

National War Labor Board Long working hours led to increased union membership and more strikes. Board settled disputes between workers and management. –Established 8 hour workday and promoted equal pay for women.

Women in the War Took on jobs traditionally held by men. –Noncombat military positions. After war ended, most women left new jobs. 19th Amendment.

Committee on Public Information George Creel Propaganda –Influenced people’s opinions by appealing to their sense of patriotism, fear, or sympathy. –Meant to encourage Americans to support the war.

American Propaganda

German Propaganda

Limiting Speech Espionage Act –Made it illegal to help the enemy or refusing military duty. Sedition Act –Made it illegal to criticize the gov’t, the flag, or the military. Schenck v. United States –Limits can be placed on freedom of speech during war to ensure the country’s safety.

Classwork Today you will create your own WWI propaganda poster. –Remember that propaganda should appeal to your sense of patriotism, fear, or sympathy. Then pretend that you live during WWI and are writing a letter to your “sweet heart” during the war. –Women: write to your husbands, sons, brothers fighting over seas, tell them what is happening in America during this time. –Men: write to your wives, daughters, sisters back in American and tell them how fighting in Europe is during WWI.

Reflection Explain what the American gov’t does at home to help win the war.