Naming Molecules. P2O5P2O5 Rule 1: The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. P2O5P2O5.

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Presentation transcript:

Naming Molecules

P2O5P2O5

Rule 1: The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. P2O5P2O5

Naming Molecules Rule 1: The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. P 2 O 5 phosphorous

Naming Molecules Rule 2: The second element in the formula is named using the root of the element and adding the suffix –ide. P 2 O 5 phosphorous

Naming Molecules Rule 2: The second element in the formula is named using the root of the element and adding the suffix –ide. P 2 O 5 phosphorous oxide

Naming Molecules Rule 3: Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of each type that are present in the compound. P 2 O 5 phosphorous oxide

Naming Molecules 1mono- 2di- 3tri- 4tetra- 5penta- P 2 O 5 phosphorous oxide 6 hexa- 7hepta- 8octa- 9nona- 10deca-

Naming Molecules 1mono- 2di- 3tri- 4tetra- 5penta- P 2 O 5 diphosphorous pentoxide 6 hexa- 7hepta- 8octa- 9nona- 10deca-

Naming Molecules Exception: The first element never uses the prefix mono-.

Naming Molecules Exception: The first element never uses the prefix mono-. CO carbon monoxide

Naming Molecules Exception: The first element never uses the prefix mono- CO carbon monoxide Not monocarbon monoxide.

Naming Molecules You will have to use these rules on your next test.

Common Names

We don’t usually talk about dihydrogen monoxide

Common Names We don’t usually talk about dihydrogen monoxide H2OH2O

Common Names We don’t usually talk about dihydrogen monoxide. It’s just called water. H2OH2O

Common Names dihydrogen monoxide H 2 O water

Common Names nitrogen trihydride

Common Names nitrogen trihydride NH 3

Common Names nitrogen trihydride NH 3 ammonia

Common Names dinitrogen tetrahydride

Common Names dinitrogen tetrahydride N 2 H 4 hydrazine

Common Names dinitrogen monoxide

Common Names dinitrogen monoxide N 2 O

Common Names dinitrogen monoxide N 2 O nitrous oxide laughing gas

Common Names nitrogen monoxide

Common Names nitrogen monoxide NO nitric oxide

Common Names I will not ask you to memorize common names. I just want you to know they exist.

Naming Acids If a molecule forms an acid when dissolved in water, there are other rules.

Naming Acids Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX)

Naming Acids Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the element

Naming Acids Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the element HCl

Naming Acids Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the element HCl hydrochloric acid

Naming Acids Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the element HBr

Naming Acids Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the element HBr hydrobromic acid

Naming Acids Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen

Naming Acids Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the polyatomic ion

Naming Acids Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the polyatomic ion HCN

Naming Acids Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen hydro________ic acid Fill in the blank with the root of the polyatomic ion HCN hydrocyanic acid

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 3

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 3 NO 3 - nitrate

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 3 NO 3 - nitric acid nitrate

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 2

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 2 NO 2 -

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 2 NO 2 - nitrite

Naming Acids Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite HNO 2 NO 2 - nitrous acid nitrite

Read section 9.2 (pages ) in the textbook and do problems 27, 28, and 29 on page 251. This is due at the end of the period. For the rest of the period….