The American military was not prepared for an all out war. Remember it only had 300,000 men. The U.S. calls on American men to enlist. The American people respond.

All American males between twenty-one and thirty-six years of age registered for the draft , ,842 3,033,361 3,323,970 1,591, , ,383 0

Profile of US Servicemen ( ) 38.8% (6,332,000) of U.S. servicemen and all servicewomen were volunteers 61.2% (11,535,000) were draftees Average duration of service: 33 months

“Rosie the Riveter,” a character from a popular song The lyrics told of Rosie, who worked in a factory while her boyfriend served in the marines. Images of Rosie appeared on posters, in newspapers, and in magazines. Eventually 2.5 million women went to work in shipyards, aircraft factories, and other manufacturing plants.

Women's Army Corps (WAC)150,000 Navy’s Women Accepted for Voluntary Emergency Service (WAVES) 100,000 Coast Guard Women’s Reserves (SPARS) 10,000 Marine Corps Women’s Reserve23,000 Army Nurse Corps60,000 Navy Nurse Corps14,000 Women’s Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) 1,074

Head of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters Major Union for African American Union Workers Appealed to FDR stating he was planning a march to support equal hiring in defense factories Think Picket Fence FDR responds Executive Order 8802 on June 25, 1941 “there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color or national origin.” Fair Employment Practices Commission 1 st Civil Rights Agency since Reconstruction

200,000 Mexican Migrant Farm Workers Participated Fruits, vegetables in the Southwest Continued until 1964

Bracero workers in Idaho Mexico citizens applying for the Bracero program in Mexico City

The “Great Migration,” during WWI slowed during the Great Depression and resumed after the upstart of WWII – Job Hunters. When African Americans arrived in overcrowded cities, racial tensions soared. Belle Isle Park – June 20 th ,000 crowded the Detroit River Park Teenage girls began to fight which led to other fights Riots broke out until a full-scale riot erupted 25 African Americans and 9 whites died

In California, Mexican American teenagers adopted the zoot suit. In June 1943, after hearing rumors that zoot suiters had attacked several sailors, 2,500 soldiers and sailors stormed into Mexican American neighborhoods in Los Angeles. They attacked Mexican American teenagers, cut their hair, and tore off their zoot suits. The police did not intervene, and the violence continued for several days. The city of Los Angeles responded by banning the zoot suit.

Rationing Blue Points – Processed Foods Red Points – Meats, Fats, Oils Victory Gardens (for private use) Scrap Drives donated pots, tires, tin cans, car bumpers, broken radiators, and rusting bicycles Oil & Fat collection stations – used for explosives

300 Billion Dollar Price Tag More than spent from President Washington till the end of FDR’s second term Raised taxes minimally – covered 45% of the bill E Bonds - $18.75 = $25.00 after 10 years Citizens bought $50 billion Corporations purchased over $100 billion “V” for Victory