Support- framework that supports body and cradles its soft organs Protection- for delicate organs, heart, lungs, brain Movement- bones act as levers for.

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Presentation transcript:

Support- framework that supports body and cradles its soft organs Protection- for delicate organs, heart, lungs, brain Movement- bones act as levers for muscles Mineral storage- calcium & phosphate Blood cell formation- hematopoiesis

Long Bones- metacarples, metatarsals, phelangies, humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibula Short Bones- carpals, tarsals Flat Bones- rib, scapula, skull, sternum Irregular Bones- vertebrae, some facial bones Sesamoid- patella

Distal epiphysis Proximal epiphysis diaphysis yellow marrow epiphyseal line periosteum compact bone spongy bone Endosteum hyaline cartilage Sharpey’s fibers

Warm and moisten air Lighten the skull Enhance voice resonance Frontal Sinus Ethmoid Sinus Sphenoid Sinus Maxillary Sinus

Cervical Vertebrae (7) Thoracic Vertebrae (12) Lumbar Vertberae (5) Sacrum Coccyx Cervical Vertebrae (7) Thoracic Vertebrae (12) Lumbar Vertberae (5) Sacrum Coccyx The Vertebral Column

Sternum True Ribs (7) False Ribs (3) Floating Ribs (2) Sternum True Ribs (7) False Ribs (3) Floating Ribs (2) The Thoracic Cage

Sacrum & Coccyx

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

Humerus Ulna Radius 8 Carpals 14 Phalanges 5 Metacarpals

Pelvis Hips/Pelvis

Patella The Lower Limb (Legs) Femur Tibia Fibula 5 Metatarsals 14 Phalanges 7 Tarsals

metatarsals phelangies tarsals metatarsals phelangies tarsals

Immovable Joints (synarthrosis) suture pubis symphisis

Slightly Movable Joint (ampharthrosis)

femur ligaments pelvis (diarthrosis)- freely moveable

Abduction Extension Rotation Flexion Adduction Synovial Joint Movement

Osteoblast Osteocyte Osteoclast Eats bone Builds new bone Mature bone cell

hematoma callus bony callus bone remodeling

Diseases of the Skeletal System: Osteoporosis- bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit; bones become lighter and fracture easier Factors: age, gender (more in women) estrogen and testosterone decrease insufficient exercise (or too much) diet poor in Ca ++ and protein abnormal vitamin D receptors smoking

Osteoporosis

Rickets- vitamin D deficiency Osteomalacia- soft bones, inadequate mineralization in bones, lack of vitamin D Pagets Disease- spotty weakening in the bones, excessive and abnormal bone remodeling Rheumatoid arthritis- autoimmune reaction Diseases of the Skeletal System: