Brainstorm some problems that the United States could have faced after WWII

United States under Truman

Domestic Issues Demobilization of troops Demobilization of troops What do you do with 12 million men returning from war? What do you do with 12 million men returning from war? G.I. Bill G.I. Bill Gave money for college education, med. Treatment and home loans Gave money for college education, med. Treatment and home loans Employment Act of 1946 Employment Act of 1946 Full employment a national goal Full employment a national goal Labor vs. Owners Labor vs. Owners Taft-Hartley Act Taft-Hartley Act 80 day cooling off period 80 day cooling off period Prohibited workers from joining a union before being hired Prohibited workers from joining a union before being hired Workers could take a job and not join a union Workers could take a job and not join a union Unions can’t contribute to political campaigns Unions can’t contribute to political campaigns Union leaders had to swear they weren’t communists Union leaders had to swear they weren’t communists Truman calls this a “SLAVE LABOR BILL” Truman calls this a “SLAVE LABOR BILL”

Domestic Issues con’t Truman creates the CIA, NSC and Department of Defense Truman creates the CIA, NSC and Department of Defense Baby Boom Baby Boom Number of young marriages and child births increase dramatically after WWII Number of young marriages and child births increase dramatically after WWII

Election of 1948 Many voters became upset with Truman’s union stance, civil rights legislation and the Cold War Many voters became upset with Truman’s union stance, civil rights legislation and the Cold War Truman polls one of the biggest upsets and defeats Gov. Dewey Truman polls one of the biggest upsets and defeats Gov. Dewey

Fair Deal 1949,Truman tries to enlarge New Deal programs by launching ambitious reform program proposing the following: 1. Increase in minimum wage, Health insurance, aid to edu., civil rights leg., and funds for public housing 2. Conservatives blocked most reforms except for min. wage increase and inclusion of more workers for Soc. Sec.

Review What was Truman's Domestic Policy called? What was Truman's Domestic Policy called? What was 1 thing he pushed for that was not passed? What was 1 thing he pushed for that was not passed? What was the biggest problem (domestically) the US had to face after WWII? What was the biggest problem (domestically) the US had to face after WWII? How did the US reward soldiers returning home from WWII? How did the US reward soldiers returning home from WWII? What was the name of the Bill that hurt labor unions? What was the name of the Bill that hurt labor unions? What world governing body was established after WWII? What world governing body was established after WWII? What do the 5 permanent members of the security council have in common? What do the 5 permanent members of the security council have in common? What was the name of the trial that prosecuted former NAZI leaders for war crimes? What was the name of the trial that prosecuted former NAZI leaders for war crimes?

Origins of the Cold War

United Nations International peacekeeping organization International peacekeeping organization UN includes a General Assembly and a Security Council UN includes a General Assembly and a Security Council GA serves as a forum for world leaders to speak on a variety of concerns GA serves as a forum for world leaders to speak on a variety of concerns Five permanent members are the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France and China Five permanent members are the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France and China

Nuremburg trials The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the main victorious Allied forces of World War II The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the main victorious Allied forces of World War II tried 24 of the most important captured leaders of Nazi Germany tried 24 of the most important captured leaders of Nazi Germany The Nuremberg trials had a great influence on the development of international criminal law The Nuremberg trials had a great influence on the development of international criminal law

“Iron Curtain Speech Given by Winston Churchill in Missouri Given by Winston Churchill in Missouri Marked as the beginning of the Cold War Marked as the beginning of the Cold War vjWQ

Stalin’s Free elections Russia needed buffer states US views acts as a flagrant violation of self determination (Yalta Conference)

Germany dismantled US, GB, France, USSR all occupy a zone to rebuild US, GB, France, USSR all occupy a zone to rebuild Soviets wanted a weak Germany for economic and national security reasons Soviets wanted a weak Germany for economic and national security reasons Berlin represents the first “Hot Spot” of the Cold War Berlin represents the first “Hot Spot” of the Cold War Berlin Airlift Berlin Airlift

Beginning of the Cold War Berlin Blockade U.S., France, Great Britain and U.S.S.R. were in charge of dividing and rebuilding Germany and Berlin after WWII. U.S., France, Great Britain and U.S.S.R. were in charge of dividing and rebuilding Germany and Berlin after WWII. Soviets broke away and created East Germany Soviets broke away and created East Germany Berlin Blockade Berlin Blockade Soviets refuse to allow U.S. access to their zone in Berlin Soviets refuse to allow U.S. access to their zone in Berlin Berlin airlift Berlin airlift U.S. forced to fly supplies into their zone for almost a year until the Soviets remove the blockade U.S. forced to fly supplies into their zone for almost a year until the Soviets remove the blockade

Marshall Plan General George C. Marshall (secretary of state) announced an economic aid policy General George C. Marshall (secretary of state) announced an economic aid policy U.S. was against poverty, desperation and chaos U.S. was against poverty, desperation and chaos Between 1948 and 1952 the U.S. gave $13 billion in economic aid to any country that asked for it Between 1948 and 1952 the U.S. gave $13 billion in economic aid to any country that asked for it

NSC-68 Recommendation that outlined key steps the US had to take in order to win the Cold War Recommendation that outlined key steps the US had to take in order to win the Cold War 1. 4x US government defense spending 2. Form alliances 3. Convince Americans that arms build up was necessary for survival

China US loses China in 1949 US loses China in 1949

Containment/Truman Doctrine American foreign policy after WWII was influenced by two factors 1) Willingness to keep world peace 2) PREVENT THE SPREAD OF COMMUNISM!!! atch?v=wmQD_W8Pcxg

Korea War North invades South in 1950 North invades South in 1950 Truman requests UN to send troops to protect South Korea (“police action”) Truman requests UN to send troops to protect South Korea (“police action”) Truman fires MacArthur Truman fires MacArthur Armistace signed in 1953 reinstates the 38 th parallel Armistace signed in 1953 reinstates the 38 th parallel

NATO Warsaw Pact North Atlantic Treaty Organization North Atlantic Treaty Organization April countries sign an alliance system for democratic countries April countries sign an alliance system for democratic countries 1949 Truman announces that the Soviets exploded a nuclear bomb 1949 Truman announces that the Soviets exploded a nuclear bomb 7 countries sign an alliance system for communist countries

Cold War Hits home

Limitations of Civil Rights 1. HUAC A.Created to seek out Nazis b. Tried to seek out Boy Scout, Hollywood members, etc. kTPzA4

CASES HISS Case Nixon convicts State Department official of perjury Nixon convicts State Department official of perjury Rosenberg Case Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted and executed for conspiracy to give atomic bomb secrets Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted and executed for conspiracy to give atomic bomb secrets

Joseph McCarthy 205 communists working for the State Department 205 communists working for the State Department Even went after former Sec. of State George Marshall Even went after former Sec. of State George Marshall Downfall comes in 1954 during the Army-McCarthy hearings Downfall comes in 1954 during the Army-McCarthy hearings